Improves Cardiovascular Health

There’s also a great deal of evidence supporting the beneficial role of metformin on cardiovascular health:
1. Metformin has been shown to prevent the fragmentation of mitochondria in endothelial cells which is associated with atherosclerosis (plaque formation). [78]
2. In patients with heart failure, metformin administration reduced the risk of deaths by 75%. [79]
3. A study demonstrated that metformin administration in patients with heart disease reduced the risk of heart attack, abnormal heart rhythm, and related deaths. [80]
4. In overweight patients with type 2 diabetes, monotherapy of metformin was correlated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. [81]
5. A study found that metformin may help lower the risk of cardiovascular disease by reducing the levels of free fatty acid, triglyceride, and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1). [82]
6. In patients with type 2 diabetes, metformin treatment reduced the risk of coronary heart disease by improving cholesterol levels. [83-84]
7. Metformin may also help combat heart disease by suppressing inflammation and coagulation. [85]
8. In male participants, metformin treatment was associated with reduced risk of atherosclerosis (coronary artery calcium). [86]
9. In patients with type 2 diabetes, combination of insulin and metformin reduced the risk of cardiovascular disease by 40%. [87]
10. Metformin can help improve endothelial cell function, which involves the inner lining of the heart, by combating stress and inflammatory response. [88-89]
11. In patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy (weakening of heart muscle), metformin treatment was associated with reduced rates of heart attack, chest pain, and related deaths. [90]
12. Another mechanism by which metformin improves cardiovascular health is by increasing fat redistribution. [91-92]