Overall Health Benefits of Ubiquinol

Improves energy levels and exercise performance. Improves cardiovascular health. Improves cognitive function. Lowers cholesterol levels. Boosts male fertility. Treats symptoms of diabetes. Improves liver health. Relieves dry mouth. Improves kidney health. Improves eye health. Speeds up wound healing. Improves muscle health.

As a strong antioxidant, ubiquinol is capable of donating an electron to a free radical. This process neutralizes the free radical and offers cellular protection against oxidation. As one substance loses or gains an electron, it undergoes a process called oxidation-reduction reaction, also known as a redox reaction. After donating an electron to a free radical, ubiquinol converts into regular CoQ10. Regular CoQ10 then converts back into ubiquinol after an enzyme reaction occurs.

How does Ubiquinol Improve Liver Health?

There’s also evidence supporting the ability of ubiquinol to protect against liver damage and other liver diseases: In patients who were taking statins, supplementation with ubiquinol at 150 mg per day reduced liver enzymes and other markers of liver damage. In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), treatment with ubiquinol at a dose of 100 mg for 12 weeks significantly reduced markers of inflammation. In healthy males, ubiquinol reduced markers of inflammation and free radicals in the liver.

How does Ubiquinol Relieve Dry Mouth?

Studies found that ubiquinol can offer relief from dry mouth by increasing salivary secretion: In patients with dry mouth, oral ubiquinol administration at 100 mg per day attenuated the symptoms by increasing salivary secretion. In younger and older individuals with slight dryness of the mouth, the ingestion of a gummy candy containing 50 mg of ubiquinol twice daily for 8 weeks increased the secretion of saliva by suppressing oxidative stress in the salivary glands.

How does Ubiquinol Improve Kidney Health?

Studies also found that ubiquinol can help improve kidney function and protect against kidney toxins: In male Sprague-Dawley rats, ubiquinol significantly reduced the levels of free radicals in the kidneys and improved kidney function. In male Wistar rats, ubiquinol protected against kidney toxicity induced by the medication cyclosporine.

How does Ubiquinol Improve Eye Health?

Ubiquinol has also been found to exert protective effects against age-related eye disorders: In mice, consumption of a diet supplemented with ubiquinol prevented programmed cell death in the retina induced by acute high intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation. In mouse models of glaucoma (vision loss due to optic nerve damage), ubiquinol enhanced eye cell survival and preserved visual function against oxidative stress.

How does Ubiquinol Speeds Up Wound Healing?

The regenerative properties of ubiquinol are backed by strong scientific evidence: In rats that had a tooth extraction, the application of ubiquinol cream improved wound healing. In rats with burn injuries, the application of ubiquinol cream improved wound healing by reducing inflammation and the levels of free radicals. A study found that ubiquinol can help treat diabetic wounds by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

How does Ubiquinol Improve Muscle Health?

A number of studies found that ubiquinol can help protect against muscle breakdown or damage: In healthy and well-trained firemen, ubiquinol supplementation at 200 mg per day for 2 weeks prevented muscle damage induced by high-intensity exercise by modulating energy metabolism and bone turnover. In tumor-bearing mice, the ingestion of drinking water with ubiquinol (500 mg/kg/day) reduced muscle wasting by increasing muscle mass. A study found that lower muscular strength was associated with a lower percentage of the reduced form of CoQ10 (ubiquinol) in the body. In young kendo athletes, supplementation with ubiquinol at 600 mg daily for 11 days ameliorated exercise-induced muscle damage. In healthy and well-trained firemen, ubiquinol prevented exercise-induced muscle damage by modulating the production of inflammatory substances and improving oxygen supply. In mice, ubiquinol supplementation at 500 mg/kg/day counteracted the deleterious effects of physical exercise-derived reaction oxygen species (free radicals) on the muscles.

Ubiquinol

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GENEMEDICS NUTRITION

Potential Health Benefits of Ubiquinol
Key Takeaways of Ubiquinol Guide
What is Ubiquinol?
How Ubiquinol Works
Chemical Structure of Ubiquinol
Research on Ubiquinol
Ubiquinol Side Effects
Ubiquinol Dosage
Ubiquinol - The Active Form of Coenzyme Q10
Ubiquinol - The Reduced Form of Coenzyme Q10
The Significance of the Oxidized Form of Ubiquinol in Cellular Function
Ubiquinol vs. Ubiquinone Form: Benefits and Differences
Ubiquinol vs Ubiquinone
Ubiquinol vs CoQ10
Ubiquinol vs Ubidecarenone
Ubiquinol Kaneka
FAQ
Blog
Reference

Potential Health Benefits of Ubiquinol

Ubiquinol benefits include enhancing energy levels and exercise performance, improving cardiovascular and cognitive health, lowering cholesterol levels, boosting male fertility, treating diabetes symptoms, and supporting liver, kidney, and eye health. It also helps in relieving dry mouth, speeding up wound healing, and improving muscle health.

Improves energy levels and exercise performance [1-11]
Improves cardiovascular health [12-19]
Improves cognitive function [20-22]
Lowers cholesterol levels [23-26]
Boosts male fertility [27-36]
Treats symptoms of diabetes [37-40]
Improves liver health [41-43]
Relieves dry mouth [44-45]
Improves kidney health [46-47]
Improves eye health [48-49]
Speeds up wound healing [50-52]
Improves muscle health [53-58]

Key Takeaways of Ubiquinol Guide

Ubiquinol has been shown to significantly improve energy levels and exercise performance, making it beneficial for athletes and physically active individuals.
It plays a crucial role in improving cardiovascular health and cognitive function, offering protective benefits against heart diseases and age-related cognitive decline.
Ubiquinol is effective in lowering cholesterol levels, boosting male fertility, and treating symptoms of diabetes, making it a versatile supplement for various health conditions.
It contributes to improved liver, kidney, and eye health, and has been found to speed up wound healing and improve muscle health, demonstrating its broad spectrum of health benefits.
As the active form of coenzyme Q10, ubiquinol is a potent antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative damage and supporting overall cellular health.

What is Ubiquinol?

Ubiquinol is the active form of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a nutrient that occurs naturally in your body and is needed for energy production. For the body to effectively use CoQ10, it must convert it to ubiquinol. Your body naturally produces ubiquinol, which supplies about half of the needs. The other half comes from foods such as fish, shellfish, eggs, vegetables, and dairy products. Ubiquinol is a very powerful antioxidant, a substance that prevents or slows cellular damage induced by unstable molecules known as free radicals. The potent antioxidant properties of ubiquinol are associated with various health benefits.

How Ubiquinol Works

As a strong antioxidant, ubiquinol is capable of donating an electron to a free radical. This process neutralizes the free radical and offers cellular protection against oxidation. As one substance loses or gains an electron, it undergoes a process called an oxidation-reduction reaction, also known as a redox reaction. After donating an electron to a free radical, ubiquinol converts into regular CoQ10. Regular CoQ10 then converts back into ubiquinol after an enzyme reaction occurs.

Chemical Structure of Ubiquinol

Research on Ubiquinol

A. Improves Energy Levels and Exercise Performance

An overwhelming body of clinical evidence suggests that ubiquinol boosts energy levels and improves exercise performance by increasing CoQ10 and neutralizing the harmful effects of free radicals:

In young healthy trained German Olympic athletes, researchers found that daily supplementation of 300 mg ubiquinol for 6 weeks significantly enhanced physical performance. [1]
In mice, ubiquinol supplementation altered exercise-induced fatigue by increasing lipid utilization. [2]
Dietary supplementation with ubiquinol-10 in mice increased the activity of the mitochondria (the powerhouse of the cell). [3]
In healthy volunteers, supplementation with 200 mg/day of ubiquinol for 4 weeks resulted in a significant increase in blood levels of CoQ10. [4]
In mice, the administration of water-soluble formulations of ubiquinol-10 improved the efficacy of CoQ10 therapy in mitochondrial disease. [5]
In older men, consumption of ubiquinol supplement at a dose of 200 mg per day for 2 weeks significantly enhanced the CoQ10 status than ubiquinone. [6]
In male young athletes, supplementation with ubiquinol (200 mg/day) minimized exercise-induced CoQ10 depletion and enhanced plasma and cellular antioxidant levels. [7]
In healthy individuals experiencing fatigue in daily life that had continued for more than 1 month and less than 6 months, daily supplementation with ubiquinol at a dose of 150 mg per day resulted in significant improvements in the subjective level of relaxation after task, sleepiness before and after task, motivation for task, and blood levels of oxidative stress compared with placebo. [8]
In male distance runners, supplementation with ubiquinol at a dose of 200-300 mg/day mitigated tissue damage and alleviated fatigue status. [9]
In patients with chronic fatigue syndrome, ubiquinol supplementation at 150 mg per day for 12 weeks improved the symptoms of the disease. [10]
In patients with fibromyalgia, a condition characterized by generalized pain and chronic fatigue, ubiquinol-10 supplementation (ubiquinol 100 mg daily for 12 weeks) significantly decreased symptoms of fatigue. [11]

B. Improves Cardiovascular Health

Ubiquinol is known to support heart health by aiding in the maintenance of healthy blood pressure levels, reducing oxidative stress in heart tissues, and enhancing the overall energy production in cardiac cells. In particular, its role in managing high blood pressure is significant. Studies have shown that ubiquinol can help relax blood vessels, improve blood flow, and maintain optimal blood pressure levels, which are crucial for heart health.

Numerous studies suggest that the potent antioxidant properties of ubiquinol can help improve cardiovascular health by protecting against various mechanisms involved in heart dysfunction:

In patients with advanced congestive heart failure, supplementation with ubiquinol at an average of 580 mg/day resulted in improvement in the measurement of left ventricular function. [12]
In patients with pediatric dilated cardiomyopathy (PDCM), a life-threatening type of cardiac muscle dysfunction, liquid ubiquinol administration for 24 weeks improved cardiac function and ameliorated the symptoms of heart failure. [13]
In patients with heart failure, treatment with ubiquinol + L-carnitine resulted in a significant reduction in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. [14]
In a rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (damage to the heart muscle due to insufficient blood flow), the administration of a 1% solution of ubiquinol at a dose of 3 mg/kg exerted cardioprotective effects by preventing further tissue damage. [15]
In post-cardiac arrest patients, the administration of ubiquinol (300 mg) every 12 hours for up to 7 days significantly increased CoQ10 levels. [16]
In patients with reduced ejection fraction (measurement of how much blood the left ventricle pumps out with each contraction), the administration of ubiquinol at 400 mg/day significantly improved cardiac function. [17]
A study suggested that ubiquinol can help treat diastolic heart failure by improving left ventricular diastolic function. [18]
In patients with heart failure, ubiquinol administration at 150 mg/day for 14 days significantly reduced the levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), an indicator of disease severity. [19]

C. Improves Cognitive Function

Studies also show that ubiquinol is effective in treating cognitive dysfunction related to old age:

In healthy elderly populations, the administration of ubiquinol at 200 mg per day for 90 days improved symptoms of age-related cognitive decline and quality of life. [20]
In older people aged 60 years and above, a 90-day treatment with ubiquinol at 200 mg per day ameliorated cognitive decline. [21]
In patients with cognitive impairment due to Parkinson’s disease, the administration of 300 mg of ubiquinol-10 for 48 weeks alleviated the symptoms of the disease compared with placebo. [22]

D. Lowers Cholesterol Levels

Evidence suggests that ubiquinol can help improve cholesterol levels in people with abnormally high cholesterol:

In patients with high cholesterol levels, ubiquinol significantly reduced the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (bad cholesterol). [23]
In patients with fibromyalgia (generalized pain and chronic fatigue), ubiquinol reduced high total cholesterol levels. [24]
In patients with elevated cholesterol levels, 2-week supplementation with the reduced form of CoQ10 (ubiquinol) resulted in lower levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. [25]
In patients with elevated cholesterol levels and chronic heart failure, the combination of ubiquinol and statin (a medication that lowers cholesterol) resulted in lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. [26]

E. Boosts Male Fertility

The antioxidative properties of ubiquinol play a vital role in protecting sperm cells from oxidative stress, which can negatively impact sperm quality. By improving sperm count and enhancing semen parameters such as motility and morphology, ubiquinol contributes to overall better reproductive outcomes, making it a valuable supplement for men looking to improve their fertility.

A convincing number of studies suggest that ubiquinol can help boost male fertility by increasing sperm count and improving various semen parameters. This aspect of ubiquinol fertility enhancement is significant, as it addresses key factors that influence male reproductive health:

In men with infertility of unknown cause, treatment with 200 mg ubiquinol daily by mouth for 26 weeks improved sperm density, sperm motility (movement), and sperm morphology (size and shape). [27-28]
In men with low sperm count, supplementation with 150 mg ubiquinol daily for 6 months increased sperm count by 53%, improved sperm motility, and increased testosterone levels. [29]
In men with astheno-teratozoospermia (low sperm count, low sperm motility, and abnormal sperm morphology), the administration of 100 mg ubiquinol twice a day for 6 months resulted in a statistically significant improvement in sperm motility and sperm morphology. [30-31]
In patients with low fertilization rates after in vitro fertilization, treatment with oral ubiquinol at 60 mg/day resulted in improved sperm functions and increased fertilization rate. [32]
A study found that ubiquinol increased fertility in men with a history of infertility by reducing the formation of free radicals in the seminal plasma and seminal fluid. [33]
In infertile patients (27-39 years of age), ubiquinol treatment increased sperm count. [34]
In dogs with poor semen quality, ubiquinol improved sperm motility, reduced morphologically abnormal sperm, and reduced free radicals in the seminal plasma. [35]
In stallions, daily oral ingestion of ubiquinol at 1g for 4 weeks improved semen quality. [36]

F. Treats Symptoms of Diabetes

Evidence suggests that ubiquinol can produce beneficial effects on symptoms of diabetes by improving blood sugar levels and via its antioxidant properties:

In patients with type 2 diabetes, supplementation with ubiquinol for 12 weeks reduced the levels of HbA1c (a measure of long-term blood sugar levels) and free radicals. [37]
In diabetics receiving conventional medication, treatment with an oral dose of 200 mg ubiquinol daily for 12 weeks improved blood sugar control by improving insulin secretion. [38]
Studies found that ubiquinol can help bring blood sugar levels within normal limits in diabetic patients by reducing the levels of free radicals. [39-40]

G. Improves Liver Health

There’s also evidence supporting the ability of ubiquinol to protect against liver damage and other liver diseases:

In patients who were taking statins, supplementation with ubiquinol at 150 mg per day reduced liver enzymes and other markers of liver damage. [41]
In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), treatment with ubiquinol at a dose of 100 mg for 12 weeks significantly reduced markers of inflammation. [42]
In healthy males, ubiquinol reduced markers of inflammation and free radicals in the liver. [43]

H. Relieves Dry Mouth

Studies found that ubiquinol can offer relief from dry mouth by increasing salivary secretion:

In patients with dry mouth, oral ubiquinol administration at 100 mg per day attenuated the symptoms by increasing salivary secretion. [44]
In younger and older individuals with slight dryness of the mouth, the ingestion of a gummy candy containing 50 mg of ubiquinol twice daily for 8 weeks increased the secretion of saliva by suppressing oxidative stress in the salivary glands. [45]

I. Improves Kidney Health

Studies also found that ubiquinol can help improve kidney function and protect against kidney toxins:

In male Sprague-Dawley rats, ubiquinol significantly reduced the levels of free radicals in the kidneys and improved kidney function. [46]
In male Wistar rats, ubiquinol protected against kidney toxicity induced by the medication cyclosporine. [47]

J. Improves Eye Health

Ubiquinol has also been found to exert protective effects against age-related eye disorders:

In mice, consumption of a diet supplemented with ubiquinol prevented programmed cell death in the retina induced by acute high intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation. [48]
In mouse models of glaucoma (vision loss due to optic nerve damage), ubiquinol enhanced eye cell survival and preserved visual function against oxidative stress. [49]

K. Speeds Up Wound Healing

The regenerative properties of ubiquinol are backed by strong scientific evidence:

In rats that had a tooth extraction, the application of ubiquinol cream improved wound healing. [50]
In rats with burn injuries, the application of ubiquinol cream improved wound healing by reducing inflammation and the levels of free radicals. [51]
A study found that ubiquinol can help treat diabetic wounds by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). [52]

L. Improves Muscle Health

A number of studies found that ubiquinol can help protect against muscle breakdown or damage:

In healthy and well-trained firemen, ubiquinol administration at 200 mg per day for 2 weeks prevented muscle damage induced by high-intensity exercise by modulating energy metabolism and bone turnover. [53]
In tumor-bearing mice, the ingestion of drinking water with ubiquinol (500 mg/kg/day) reduced muscle wasting by increasing muscle mass. [54]
A study found that lower muscular strength was associated with a lower percentage of the reduced form of CoQ10 (ubiquinol) in the body. [55]
In young kendo athletes, supplementation with ubiquinol at 600 mg daily for 11 days ameliorated exercise-induced muscle damage. [56]
In healthy and well-trained firemen, ubiquinol prevented exercise-induced muscle damage by modulating the production of inflammatory substances and improving oxygen supply. [57]
In mice, ubiquinol administration at 500 mg/kg/day counteracted the deleterious effects of physical exercise-derived reaction oxygen species (free radicals) on the muscles. [58]

Ubiquinol Side Effects

Ubiquinol side effects are very uncommon. There have been some side effects associated with the use of this antioxidant wherein the patient had one of the issues listed below at some point while being on ubiquinol. However, these side effects weren’t confirmed to be associated with the treatment and could have been a coincidence and not related to the use of ubiquinol. Despite this, it was listed as a side effect associated with ubiquinol even though these associated side effects are very uncommon.

Side effects associated with ubiquinol may include the following:

Diarrhea
Heartburn
Loss of appetite
Nausea
Stomach upset

Ubiquinol Dosage

The appropriate dosage of ubiquinol can vary depending on individual health needs, age, and specific conditions being addressed. Generally, the recommended daily dosage of ubiquinol ranges from 100 to 200 mg for maintaining general health and supporting normal bodily functions. However, for specific health conditions or therapeutic purposes, higher doses may be recommended.

For instance, in cases of severe oxidative stress, cardiovascular issues, or other significant health concerns, healthcare providers may advise taking higher doses, sometimes up to 300 to 600 mg per day, divided into multiple doses. A common starting point for many individuals is ubiquinol 200 mg per day, which can be an effective dose for achieving noticeable improvements in health without overwhelming the system. It’s important to start with a lower dose like ubiquinol 200 mg and gradually increase it, as per the guidance of a healthcare professional, to assess tolerance and effectiveness. This approach ensures a safe and tailored usage of ubiquinol, optimizing its benefits while minimizing the risk of adverse effects.

Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen, including ubiquinol, a fat-soluble antioxidant, to determine the most appropriate dosage based on individual health needs and current medications.

Ubiquinol – The Active Form of Coenzyme Q10

Ubiquinol represents the active form of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a vital substance found in every cell of the human body. Unlike its counterpart, ubiquinone, ubiquinol is in a reduced state, making it more readily available for the body to use. This form of CoQ10 is essential for the efficient production of cellular energy in the mitochondria, the powerhouses of cells. It plays a critical role in the electron transport chain, a series of reactions that generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy carrier in cells.

In addition to its role in energy production, ubiquinol is a powerful antioxidant. It excels in neutralizing free radicals – unstable molecules that can cause oxidative damage to cells and DNA. This antioxidant capability is particularly important in combatting the signs of aging and protecting against various chronic diseases. Ubiquinol’s effectiveness as an antioxidant surpasses that of ubiquinone, making it a more potent option for individuals looking to enhance their body’s defense against oxidative stress.

One of the key advantages of ubiquinol over ubiquinone is its enhanced bioavailability. The body can absorb and utilize ubiquinol more efficiently, especially critical as one age. The natural ability of the body to convert ubiquinone to ubiquinol decreases with age, making direct supplementation of ubiquinol increasingly important for older adults. By providing a direct source of the active form of CoQ10, ubiquinol supplements can help maintain optimal levels of this crucial nutrient, supporting overall health and vitality.

Ubiquinol – The Reduced Form of Coenzyme Q10

Ubiquinol, the reduced form of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), represents the more bioavailable and active state of this essential nutrient. Unlike its oxidized counterpart, ubiquinone, ubiquinol doesn’t require conversion within the body, making it more readily accessible for cellular use. This characteristic is particularly beneficial as the body’s ability to convert ubiquinone to ubiquinol decreases with age, making direct supplementation of ubiquinol increasingly important for older adults.

As a potent antioxidant, ubiquinol excels in neutralizing free radicals and protecting cells from oxidative stress. This reduced form of CoQ10 is crucial in combatting the cellular damage associated with aging and various chronic diseases. Its antioxidant properties go beyond those of ubiquinone, providing enhanced protection against oxidative damage and supporting overall cellular health and vitality. Ubiquinol is important for almost every cell in the body, as it plays a key role in the energy production process within the mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cell. This widespread impact of ubiquinol on almost every cell makes it essential for maintaining the energy levels and health of various organs and tissues throughout the body.

The enhanced bioavailability of ubiquinol also plays a significant role in supporting cardiovascular health. Its ability to improve energy production in heart cells and its antioxidant action make it a popular supplement for maintaining heart health. For individuals dealing with cardiovascular issues or seeking to enhance their overall wellness, incorporating ubiquinol into their health regimen can offer significant benefits, making the most of this reduced, more potent form of CoQ10.

The Significance of the Oxidized Form of Ubiquinol in Cellular Function

The significance of the oxidized form of ubiquinol in cellular function lies in its crucial role in the electron transport chain within the mitochondria, the energy powerhouses of our cells. Ubiquinol, in its reduced (non-oxidized) form, plays an essential role in the transfer of electrons during the process of oxidative phosphorylation. As electrons pass through a series of protein complexes in the mitochondrial inner membrane, Ubiquinol shuttles electrons from Complex I to Complex III, facilitating the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of cells. This electron transfer process ensures efficient energy production for various cellular activities, including muscle contractions, nerve signal transmission, and cellular maintenance.

Furthermore, ubiquinol’s ability to exist in both reduced and oxidized forms is critical for its antioxidant properties. When ubiquinol donates electrons to combat oxidative stress within cells, it becomes oxidized. This transition helps protect cells from the damaging effects of free radicals and reactive oxygen species, which can cause cellular damage and contribute to aging and various diseases. The ability of ubiquinol to cycle between its reduced and oxidized forms enables it to serve as an essential cellular defense mechanism against oxidative damage.

In summary, the oxidized form of ubiquinol is significant in cellular function due to its pivotal role in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which is essential for energy production, as well as its function as a potent antioxidant that safeguards cells from oxidative stress. Understanding the dynamics of ubiquinol’s oxidation-reduction cycle sheds light on its multifaceted contributions to maintaining cellular health and overall well-being.

Ubiquinol vs. Ubiquinone Form: Benefits and Differences

Ubiquinol and ubiquinone are two important forms of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a vital compound found in every cell of the human body. One key difference between them lies in their redox state. Ubiquinol is the reduced form of CoQ10, while ubiquinone is the oxidized form. This redox transformation is crucial for CoQ10’s role in the electron transport chain, where it shuttles electrons and contributes to ATP production within mitochondria.

Ubiquinol is often considered the more active and readily available form of CoQ10 in the body. It’s highly effective as an antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative stress and damage. Additionally, ubiquinol is believed to have better bioavailability, meaning it’s more easily absorbed by the body when taken as a supplement. This makes ubiquinol a preferred choice for individuals seeking CoQ10 supplementation to support their overall health and well-being.

On the other hand, ubiquinone is not inherently less effective, but it requires conversion within the body to ubiquinol before it can participate in antioxidant and energy-producing functions. This conversion becomes less efficient with age, which is why some people opt for ubiquinol supplements. However, ubiquinone supplements are more stable and may be more cost-effective. In conclusion, the choice between ubiquinol and ubiquinone often depends on individual needs and preferences, as well as the specific health goals one aims to achieve through CoQ10 supplementation.

Ubiquinol vs Ubiquinone

Ubiquinol and ubiquinone, both forms of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), play essential roles in the body’s energy production and antioxidant defenses. Ubiquinone, the oxidized form, is more widely known and has been the traditional go-to supplement for supporting mitochondrial energy production. It is crucial in the mitochondrial electron transport chain for generating ATP, the energy currency of the cell. However, once ingested, ubiquinone is converted into ubiquinol in the body, which is the reduced, active form of CoQ10. The ubiquinol form is particularly effective in neutralizing free radicals and preventing oxidative damage to cells, a vital aspect of maintaining overall health. Additionally, the ubiquinol form of CoQ10 is more bioavailable, meaning it is more easily absorbed and utilized by the body.

Ubiquinol, in comparison to ubiquinone, stands out for its superior antioxidant properties, highlighting the key differences in the ubiquinone vs ubiquinol debate. It is highly effective in neutralizing free radicals, protecting cells from oxidative stress that contributes to aging and various chronic diseases. Additionally, ubiquinol boasts better bioavailability, meaning it’s more readily absorbed and utilized by the body. This increased absorption is a significant advantage over ubiquinone, particularly for older adults, as the body’s efficiency in converting ubiquinone to ubiquinol decreases with age. Understanding the distinctions between ubiquinone vs ubiquinol is crucial for those considering CoQ10 supplements, as it can influence the choice based on individual health needs and age-related factors.

While both ubiquinol and ubiquinone are beneficial, the choice between them often depends on individual health needs and age, leading to the question of whether to choose coq10 ubiquinol or ubiquinone. Ubiquinol is generally preferred for its potent antioxidant capacity and higher absorption rate, making it a go-to for combating oxidative stress and supporting cardiovascular health. On the other hand, ubiquinone remains a valuable and cost-effective option, especially effective for younger individuals with a higher metabolic capacity for converting it into its active form. When considering coq10 ubiquinol or ubiquinone, consulting with healthcare professionals can help determine the most suitable form of CoQ10 based on specific health conditions and requirements, ensuring the choice aligns with personal health goals and body’s needs.

Ubiquinol vs CoQ10

Ubiquinol and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), often referred to as ubiquinone, are two vital forms of the same molecule, playing essential roles in the body’s energy production and protection against oxidative stress. CoQ10 in its ubiquinone form is the oxidized state and is well-known for its role in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, crucial for the generation of ATP, the energy currency of the cell. Ubiquinone has been a popular ingredient in dietary supplements for years, valued for its effectiveness in supporting overall energy levels and cellular health.

Ubiquinol, in contrast, is the reduced, active form of CoQ10 and is a potent antioxidant, often referred to as ubiquinol CoQ10. It excels at neutralizing free radicals and protecting cells from the damage caused by oxidative stress, surpassing ubiquinone in this capacity. This makes ubiquinol CoQ10 particularly valuable for anti-aging purposes and in combatting oxidative damage. Additionally, ubiquinol is more bioavailable than ubiquinone, meaning it’s more efficiently absorbed and utilized by the body.

Choosing between ubiquinol and ubiquinone depends on individual health objectives and age. Ubiquinol is generally recommended for its superior antioxidant properties and higher bioavailability, especially beneficial for older adults or those needing more potent oxidative stress defense. Ubiquinone, while still effective, is often more suitable for younger individuals or general maintenance of energy levels. Ultimately, consulting with a healthcare professional can provide guidance on which form of CoQ10 is best suited to meet specific health needs and goals.

Ubiquinol vs Ubidecarenone

Ubiquinol and ubidecarenone, both forms of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), play crucial roles in the body’s energy production and antioxidant defense systems but differ in their chemical states and specific functions. Ubidecarenone, commonly known as CoQ10 or ubiquinone, is the oxidized form of this enzyme. It is essential in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, where it aids in the generation of ATP, the primary energy carrier in cells. Ubiquinone has been widely used in dietary supplements for its benefits in enhancing overall energy levels and supporting heart health.

Ubiquinol, on the other hand, is the reduced and active form of CoQ10. It is a powerful antioxidant, more effective than ubidecarenone in neutralizing free radicals and protecting cells from oxidative damage. This makes ubiquinol particularly beneficial for its anti-aging properties and in managing oxidative stress-related conditions. Another significant advantage of ubiquinol over ubidecarenone is its higher bioavailability; the body absorbs and utilizes ubiquinol more effectively, especially as the natural ability to convert ubidecarenone into ubiquinol decreases with age.

When choosing between ubiquinol and ubidecarenone, it is essential to consider individual health goals and physiological factors. Ubiquinol is often the preferred choice for enhanced antioxidant support and is particularly beneficial for older adults or those with certain health conditions that affect CoQ10 conversion. Ubidecarenone remains an effective option for general energy enhancement, particularly in younger individuals with more efficient metabolic processes for converting it into its active form. Consulting with healthcare professionals can help in determining the most suitable form of CoQ10 for specific health needs.

Ubiquinol Kaneka

Ubiquinol Kaneka is a specific form of ubiquinol, the reduced and active version of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), manufactured by Kaneka Corporation, a Japanese company known for its innovation in fermentation technology. Kaneka’s ubiquinol is distinct in its purity and stability, made through a patented yeast fermentation process. This form of ubiquinol is recognized for its high bioavailability and effectiveness as an antioxidant, surpassing the capabilities of the traditional ubiquinone (CoQ10) form. Ubiquinol Kaneka is often used in supplements for its superior ability to neutralize harmful free radicals and protect cells from oxidative stress.

One of the key advantages of Ubiquinol Kaneka lies in its enhanced absorption and utilization by the body. This is particularly beneficial for older adults, as the body’s natural ability to convert ubiquinone to ubiquinol decreases with age. Supplements containing Ubiquinol Kaneka are therefore more efficient in raising CoQ10 levels in the blood, making them a preferred choice for those seeking the antioxidant and energy-boosting benefits of CoQ10, especially in managing age-related conditions.

Ubiquinol Kaneka has been extensively researched and is widely regarded as one of the most reliable and effective forms of CoQ10 available on the market. Its applications range from supporting cardiovascular health to improving energy levels and enhancing overall well-being. When choosing a CoQ10 supplement, many opt for products containing Ubiquinol Kaneka due to its reputation for quality and efficacy. As with any supplement, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the appropriateness of Ubiquinol Kaneka for individual health needs and conditions.

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FAQ

What does ubiquinol do for the body?

Ubiquinol acts as a potent antioxidant in the body, protecting cells from oxidative damage. It plays a critical role in energy production within cells, particularly in the mitochondria, and supports overall heart health and cardiovascular function. Additionally, ubiquinol helps defend the body against environmental factors that can contribute to oxidative stress and cellular damage. These factors include pollution, UV radiation, and exposure to toxins, which can negatively impact cellular health. By neutralizing free radicals generated by these environmental stressors, ubiquinol contributes to maintaining the overall well-being and resilience of the body’s cells and systems.

What is better CoQ10 or ubiquinol?

The choice between CoQ10 (ubiquinone) and ubiquinol depends on individual needs. Ubiquinol is the active, antioxidant form and is more easily absorbed, making it generally more effective, particularly in older adults or those with specific health conditions. It is important to note that both CoQ10 and ubiquinol are fat-soluble substances. This means that their absorption is significantly enhanced when taken with a meal that contains fat. Therefore, to maximize the benefits of ubiquinol, it’s advisable to take it with a dietary source of fat, which helps in its assimilation into the body, ensuring optimal effectiveness of the supplement.

Who should not take ubiquinol?

Individuals on blood-thinning medications, those with a history of heart problems or liver disease, and pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult a healthcare provider before taking ubiquinol. It may also interact with certain medications, such as chemotherapy. Ubiquinol is a vitamin-like substance that plays a crucial role in the body’s energy production and antioxidant defense. However, because of its potent effects and interactions with various body systems, it’s essential for individuals with specific health conditions or those on medication to seek medical advice to ensure it is safe and appropriate for their individual health needs. This precaution is particularly important given the potent nature of this vitamin-like substance in influencing various physiological processes.

Should I take ubiquinol every day?

Ubiquinol, often referred to as the reduced and active form of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), can be taken daily as part of a supplement regimen, especially for those with certain health conditions or older adults. This form of CoQ10, called ubiquinol, is known for its superior absorption and effectiveness in the body compared to its oxidized counterpart, ubiquinone. However, it’s important to follow recommended dosages and consult with a healthcare provider. The guidance of a healthcare professional is crucial to ensure that the use of ubiquinol aligns with individual health needs and does not interfere with any existing medical conditions or medications.

Which form of CoQ10 is best absorbed?

Ubiquinol is generally considered the best-absorbed form of CoQ10, especially in older adults or those with certain health conditions that affect CoQ10 absorption and utilization. Due to its high bioavailability and effectiveness, ubiquinol is often viewed as the better supplemental form of CoQ10. This distinction makes it a preferred choice for supplementation, particularly for individuals who may not efficiently convert CoQ10 to its active form in the body.

Which is better for fertility, ubiquinol or ubiquinone?

Ubiquinol is often preferred for fertility purposes due to its higher bioavailability and potent antioxidant properties, which can be beneficial for both egg and sperm quality. To further enhance its absorption and effectiveness, certain ubiquinol supplements include solubility enhancers. These enhancers, often found in the formulation of ubiquinol supplements, help in increasing the solubility of this nutrient, making it more readily absorbed by the body. Improved solubility is particularly advantageous in the context of fertility, as it ensures that higher levels of this beneficial antioxidant reach the reproductive cells. This can have a positive impact on the health and quality of both eggs and sperm, thereby supporting overall reproductive health and increasing the chances of successful conception.

Does ubiquinone become ubiquinol?

Ubiquinol is often preferred for fertility purposes due to its higher bioavailability and potent antioxidant properties, which can be beneficial for both egg and sperm quality. It’s important to note that both ubiquinone and ubiquinol play roles in the body’s cellular processes, but ubiquinol is particularly effective for fertility issues. While ubiquinone is the oxidized form of CoQ10 and requires conversion in the body, ubiquinol is the reduced and active form, making it more readily available for use by the body’s cells. This distinction is significant in fertility contexts, where optimal cellular function and antioxidant protection are crucial for the health of both egg and sperm.

Is Qunol ubiquinol or ubiquinone?

Qunol offers both forms. Their product line includes Qunol Ultra CoQ10 (ubiquinone) and Qunol Mega Ubiquinol. It’s important to check the specific product label for details. Each form plays an important role in addressing different health needs. While Qunol Ultra CoQ10 offers the traditional ubiquinone form, which is suitable for individuals who can efficiently convert it to ubiquinol, the Qunol Mega Ubiquinol provides the already converted, active form of CoQ10 for those who might benefit from immediate absorption. Understanding the distinct advantages of each product and its important role in health supplementation can help consumers make an informed choice that aligns with their specific health requirements.

What is ubiquinol 100 mg used for?

Ubiquinol 100 mg is typically used for enhancing overall energy levels, supporting heart health, and providing antioxidant protection. It’s particularly beneficial for people with certain health conditions or older adults. To facilitate its absorption, given its fat-soluble nature, ubiquinol is often packaged in soft gel capsules. These capsules help in the efficient delivery of the nutrient into the body, enhancing its bioavailability. The soft gel form also makes it easier to swallow and is a preferred option for those who may have difficulty consuming tablets or hard-shell capsules. By using soft gel capsules, the benefits of ubiquinol can be maximized, ensuring better utilization by the body for optimal health outcomes.

Is 100 mg of ubiquinol too much?

100 mg of ubiquinol per day is a common dosage and is generally considered safe for most individuals. However, dosages should be personalized based on health needs and under medical advice. In addition to supplementation, incorporating dietary sources rich in CoQ10, like fatty fish, can be beneficial. Fatty fish such as salmon, mackerel, and sardines are natural sources of CoQ10 and can contribute to the body’s overall CoQ10 levels. Including these in a balanced diet can support the body’s CoQ10 supply, complementing the effects of ubiquinol. This holistic approach of combining diet and supplementation can be more effective in meeting individual health requirements.

What are the side effects of taking ubiquinol?

Side effects of ubiquinol are rare but can include digestive upset, allergic reactions, and possible interactions with certain medications. It’s important to monitor for any adverse reactions, especially when starting a new supplement. To ascertain the safety and potential side effects of ubiquinol, placebo-controlled studies have been conducted. In a typical placebo-controlled study, participants are randomly assigned to receive either ubiquinol or a placebo, allowing researchers to accurately assess the supplement’s effects and compare them against those who didn’t receive the active substance. These studies help in determining the likelihood and nature of any side effects associated with ubiquinol, contributing to a better understanding of its safety profile for consumers.

Is ubiquinol better than CoQ10?

Ubiquinol, the active form of CoQ10, is often considered better in terms of absorption and efficacy, especially for older individuals or those with certain health conditions. It’s important to note that CoQ10 exists in two primary states in the body, and ubiquinol represents one form. This one form, ubiquinol, is more readily utilized by the body for cellular energy production and as a powerful antioxidant. This distinction is especially crucial for individuals whose bodies might not efficiently convert CoQ10 from its other form, ubiquinone, into ubiquinol, thereby making direct supplementation with ubiquinol a more effective option for certain populations.

What are the benefits of taking ubiquinol?

Benefits include enhanced energy production in cells, improved heart health, antioxidant protection against cellular damage, and potential benefits for fertility and neurological health. Additionally, the effectiveness of these benefits can be influenced by other factors, such as individual health status, diet, lifestyle, and genetic predispositions. These other factors play a crucial role in determining how well the body utilizes ubiquinol, and in turn, how significant the benefits are for each individual. Understanding and managing these factors can help maximize the positive impacts of ubiquinol on overall health and well-being.

What to expect when you start taking ubiquinol?

Initially, you might not notice significant changes, but over time, there may be improvements in energy levels, cardiovascular health, and overall well-being. Effects can vary based on individual health conditions.

What is the most effective form of CoQ10?

Ubiquinol is generally considered the most effective form due to its bioavailability and active antioxidant properties.

Can I take ubiquinol with CoQ10?

Since ubiquinol is a form of CoQ10, taking them together is not typically necessary. If considering both, it’s best to consult with a healthcare provider. It’s important to understand that ubiquinol, as the active form of CoQ10, may provide more energy to the body’s cells due to its higher bioavailability. This means that supplementing with ubiquinol alone might be sufficient for individuals seeking to enhance their energy levels and improve overall health.

Is it better to take ubiquinol or ubiquinone?

For most people, especially older adults or those with specific health conditions, ubiquinol is often the better choice due to its higher bioavailability and active antioxidant form. However, in some cases, a ubiquinone supplement may still be beneficial. For individuals who do not have issues with CoQ10 absorption or who are looking for a more cost-effective option, ubiquinone can be a viable choice. It’s important to note that while ubiquinol is generally preferred for its enhanced absorption, the ubiquinone supplement is the traditional form of CoQ10 and has been used effectively in many supplements for years. The body naturally converts ubiquinone to ubiquinol, so taking ubiquinone still contributes to increasing the active CoQ10 levels in the body. Ultimately, the decision between using ubiquinol or ubiquinone should be based on individual health needs, preferences, and advice from a healthcare provider.

Does ubiquinone turn into ubiquinol?

Yes, in the body, ubiquinone is converted into ubiquinol, which is the active form of CoQ10. This conversion process can be influenced by various factors, including the presence of certain dietary components. For instance, consuming healthy fats like olive oil can facilitate the absorption of CoQ10. Olive oil, known for its heart-healthy properties, can enhance the solubility of CoQ10, making it easier for the body to absorb and convert ubiquinone into ubiquinol.

Which form of CoQ10 is better?

Ubiquinol is generally considered better for its high bioavailability and active antioxidant properties, particularly for older individuals or those with specific health conditions. However, it’s important to note that there can be significant differences in your ability to absorb and utilize different forms of CoQ10. In addition to its supplemental form, certain dietary sources also provide CoQ10, notably organ meats. Foods like liver, kidney, and heart from various animals are rich in CoQ10 and can contribute to the body’s natural levels of this important nutrient. The bioavailability of CoQ10 from these sources might exhibit significant differences when compared to supplements. Including organ meats in the diet, along with taking ubiquinol supplements, can be an effective strategy for boosting CoQ10 levels, especially for those who might need more due to age or health conditions. This combined approach of diet and supplementation ensures a comprehensive strategy for maintaining optimal CoQ10 levels in the body, considering how different forms of CoQ10 are absorbed and utilized.

Why use ubidecarenone?

Ubidecarenone, another name for CoQ10 or ubiquinone, is used for its role in cellular energy production and as an antioxidant. It’s beneficial for heart health, and energy levels, and may be used in managing various health conditions.

What is the most bioavailable form of CoQ10?

The most bioavailable form of CoQ10 is ubiquinol, which is more readily absorbed and utilized by the body compared to ubiquinone. It’s important to recognize that CoQ10 exists in two forms in the body: ubiquinone and ubiquinol. Ubiquinol, being one of these two forms, is the reduced and active version of CoQ10, making it more effective for many individuals, especially those with certain health conditions or older adults. The other of the two forms, ubiquinone, is also essential and serves as a precursor to ubiquinol. The body can convert ubiquinone to ubiquinol, which is a critical step in the CoQ10 cycle. Understanding these two forms is crucial in choosing the right CoQ10 supplement and in appreciating how the body utilizes this vital nutrient.

What is Kaneka in Ubiquinol?

Kaneka Ubiquinol is a branded form of ubiquinol produced by Kaneka Corporation. It’s known for its high quality and purity, being one of the first bio-identical forms of ubiquinol available commercially.

Is Kaneka ubiquinol better?

Kaneka Ubiquinol is considered high-quality due to its purity and bio-identical nature. Whether it’s “better” can depend on individual preferences and reactions to different brands.

What are the side effects of Kaneka ubiquinol?

Similar to other forms of ubiquinol, Kaneka ubiquinol may cause mild side effects like digestive upset or allergic reactions, but it’s generally well-tolerated.

What brand of Ubiquinol is best?

The best brand can vary based on individual preferences and needs. Brands like Kaneka, Qunol, and Jarrow Formulas are often recommended for their quality and reliability.

How long does it take CoQ10 to improve egg quality?

The time frame can vary, but improvements in egg quality with CoQ10 supplementation can typically be seen after several months of consistent use.

When should I stop taking CoQ10 when trying to conceive?

It’s generally recommended to continue taking CoQ10 throughout the pre-conception period. Consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice, especially during pregnancy.

What is the best ubiquinol for fertility?

The best ubiquinol for fertility is typically a high-quality, highly bioavailable form like Kaneka Ubiquinol, known for its potent antioxidant properties beneficial for both egg and sperm health. It’s important to understand that the body converts ubiquinone, the other form of CoQ10, into ubiquinol, which is then utilized for various biological functions. This conversion process is crucial for maintaining optimal levels of CoQ10 in its active form in the body. In the context of fertility, the body converts ubiquinone to ubiquinol to ensure that both egg and sperm cells have sufficient levels of this antioxidant to protect them from oxidative stress, thus enhancing their health and viability. The efficacy of Kaneka Ubiquinol in fertility support is partly due to how effectively the body converts and utilizes it, making it a preferred choice for those seeking to improve reproductive health.

Who should avoid ubiquinol?

Individuals on blood-thinning medications, with a history of cardiovascular disease or liver disease, and pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult a healthcare provider before taking ubiquinol.

What does CoQ10 with ubiquinol do for you?

CoQ10 with ubiquinol supports cellular energy production, provides antioxidant protection, improves heart health, and may enhance fertility and overall well-being. Additionally, it has been found to improve symptoms in various health conditions where oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are contributing factors. For instance, in neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and certain fertility issues, the antioxidant and energy-boosting properties of ubiquinol can help alleviate symptoms and improve the functioning of affected cells and systems. This makes ubiquinol not just a preventive supplement, but also a potentially therapeutic one, aiding in managing and improving symptoms of various health conditions.

Who should not use ubiquinol?

People taking certain medications like blood thinners, those with heart failure or liver disease, and pregnant or breastfeeding women should be cautious and consult with a healthcare provider before using ubiquinol.

Which is better CoQ10 or ubiquinol?

Ubiquinol is often considered better due to its higher bioavailability and active antioxidant properties, especially for older adults or individuals with specific health conditions. A significant difference between ubiquinol and its oxidized form, ubiquinone, lies in their absorption and effectiveness in the body. For certain populations, such as the elderly or those with certain health issues, the ability to convert ubiquinone to ubiquinol decreases, making ubiquinol administration more efficient. This significant difference in bioavailability means that ubiquinol can be more readily utilized by the body, providing enhanced benefits for cellular energy production and oxidative stress reduction, which are crucial for maintaining health and combating age-related or disease-induced declines in cellular function.

What are the benefits of ubiquinol 200 mg?

The benefits of 200 mg ubiquinol include enhanced cardiovascular health, improved energy levels, strong antioxidant protection, and potential benefits for fertility and neurological health.

Is 200 mg of ubiquinol too much?

A 200 mg dose of ubiquinol is typically safe for most people, but it’s important to individualize dosages based on health needs and consult with a healthcare provider.

What is ubiquinol used to treat?

Ubiquinol is used to support cardiovascular health, improve energy levels, protect cells from oxidative stress, and may be beneficial in managing conditions like heart disease and neurodegenerative disorders.

Should I take ubiquinol in the morning or at night?

Ubiquinol can be taken either in the morning or at night. Some people prefer morning to support daytime energy levels, while others find nighttime dosing to be more beneficial. It can depend on individual responses and preferences.

Is Ubiquinol safe to take daily?

Yes, ubiquinol is safe for daily use in recommended dosages. It’s important to follow guidelines and consult with a healthcare provider, especially when taking other medications or managing health conditions.

What medications should not be taken with Ubiquinol?

Medications that may interact with ubiquinol include blood thinners, certain chemotherapy drugs, and medications that affect blood pressure or heart function. Always consult a healthcare provider before combining supplements with medications.

Reference

Alf, D., Schmidt, M. E., & Siebrecht, S. C. (2013). Ubiquinol supplementation enhances peak power production in trained athletes: a double-blind, placebo controlled study. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 10, 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-10-24.

Ubiquinol supplementation enhances peak power production in trained athletes: a double-blind, placebo controlled study

In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the impact of Ubiquinol supplementation on physical performance, specifically maximum power output, was investigated in 100 young and well-trained German athletes (53 male, 47 female, average age 19.9 ± 2.3 years). Over a 6-week period, participants received either 300 mg of Ubiquinol or a placebo. Maximum power output was measured at the 4 mmol lactate threshold on a cycling ergometer at three time points: before supplementation (T1), after 3 weeks (T2), and after 6 weeks (T3). Both groups exhibited significant increases in physical performance over the treatment period. However, the Ubiquinol group demonstrated a greater enhancement, with an absolute difference of +0.08 W/kg body weight compared to placebo, indicating a significant improvement in peak power production. This suggests that daily supplementation of 300 mg Ubiquinol for 6 weeks can positively impact physical performance in young, healthy, and trained German Olympic athletes, beyond the improvements seen with training alone.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3661336/.
Chen, H. C., Huang, C. C., Lin, T. J., Hsu, M. C., & Hsu, Y. J. (2019). Ubiquinol Supplementation Alters Exercise Induced Fatigue by Increasing Lipid Utilization in Mice. Nutrients, 11(11), 2550. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112550.

Ubiquinol Supplementation Alters Exercise Induced Fatigue by Increasing Lipid Utilization in Mice

This study aimed to evaluate the potential benefits of Ubiquinol (QH), a hydro-soluble and lipid antioxidant, on anti-fatigue and ergogenic functions in response to physiological challenge. Forty 8-week-old male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were divided into four groups with varying QH doses. Anti-fatigue activity and exercise performance were assessed through forelimb grip strength and exhaustive weight-loaded swimming time. The QH-6X group demonstrated significantly higher grip strength and swimming time compared to other groups. QH supplementation dose-dependently reduced serum lactate, ammonia, and creatine kinase levels, while increasing free fatty acid concentration after acute exercise. Additionally, QH increased liver and muscle glycogen content, crucial for energy during exercise. These findings suggest that Ubiquinol formulation is a safe dietary supplement with the potential to alleviate fatigue and enhance exercise performance.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6893484/.
Tian, G., Sawashita, J., Kubo, H., Nishio, S. Y., Hashimoto, S., Suzuki, N., Yoshimura, H., Tsuruoka, M., Wang, Y., Liu, Y., Luo, H., Xu, Z., Mori, M., Kitano, M., Hosoe, K., Takeda, T., Usami, S., & Higuchi, K. (2014). Ubiquinol-10 supplementation activates mitochondria functions to decelerate senescence in senescence-accelerated mice. Antioxidants & redox signaling, 20(16), 2606–2620. https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2013.5406.

Ubiquinol-10 supplementation activates mitochondria functions to decelerate senescence in senescence-accelerated mice

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between ubiquinol-10 supplementation and its anti-aging effects on mitochondrial activation in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 1 (SAMP1) mice. The findings reveal that ubiquinol-10 supplementation prevents age-related declines in sirtuin gene family expression, leading to the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and key mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2). Additionally, ubiquinol-10 enhances mitochondrial complex I activity, reduces oxidative stress markers, and increases the reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio. The study suggests that ubiquinol-10 may activate Sirt1 and PGC-1α by elevating cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, subsequently activating cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). These findings highlight the potential of ubiquinol-10 in enhancing mitochondrial activity, slowing age-related hearing loss, and offering protection against aging and age-related diseases.

You can read the full article at
Langsjoen, P. H., & Langsjoen, A. M. (2014). Comparison study of plasma coenzyme Q10 levels in healthy subjects supplemented with ubiquinol versus ubiquinone. Clinical pharmacology in drug development, 3(1), 13–17. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpdd.73.

Comparison study of plasma coenzyme Q10 levels in healthy subjects supplemented with ubiquinol versus ubiquinone

In a study involving 12 healthy volunteers, the bioavailability of the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinol) was compared to oxidized coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) using identical soft gel capsule excipients. Steady-state plasma coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) levels were measured, and baseline levels were obtained for ubiquinol, ubiquinone, total CoQ10, α-tocopherol, and total cholesterol. Subsequent assessments were conducted after 4 weeks of 200 mg/day of ubiquinone, a 4-week washout, and 4 weeks of 200 mg/day of ubiquinol. Results showed that plasma total CoQ10 and the CoQ10/cholesterol ratio increased significantly after both forms, but the increase was notably superior with ubiquinol. The study suggests that ubiquinol exhibits enhanced bioavailability compared to ubiquinone, as indicated by the superior increase in plasma CoQ10 levels and the CoQ10/cholesterol ratio. No adverse effects were observed in the study.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://accp1.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cpdd.73.
García-Corzo, L., Luna-Sánchez, M., Doerrier, C., Ortiz, F., Escames, G., Acuña-Castroviejo, D., & López, L. C. (2014). Ubiquinol-10 ameliorates mitochondrial encephalopathy associated with CoQ deficiency. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1842(7), 893–901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.02.008.

Ubiquinol-10 ameliorates mitochondrial encephalopathy associated with CoQ deficiency

Deficiency of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) leads to a mitochondrial syndrome with varying clinical manifestations. Patients often exhibit inconsistent responses to oral ubiquinone-10 supplementation, especially those with neurological symptoms. This variability in treatment outcomes may stem from poor absorption and bioavailability of ubiquinone-10. In a mouse model of mitochondrial encephalopathy with CoQ deficiency, the study evaluate d the impact of oral supplementation with water-soluble formulations of both reduced (ubiquinol-10) and oxidized (ubiquinone-10) CoQ10. The results revealed that both forms increased CoQ10 levels in tissues, with ubiquinol-10 exhibiting higher levels than ubiquinone-10. Importantly, only ubiquinol-10 enhanced CoQ10 levels in mitochondria from the cerebrum, leading to superior outcomes in terms of body weight, CoQ-dependent respiratory chain complex activities, and reduction in pathological changes in various brain regions. These findings suggest that water-soluble ubiquinol-10 formulations may enhance the effectiveness of CoQ10 therapy in various conditions, including primary and secondary CoQ10 deficiencies, mitochondrial diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders.

You can read the full article at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925443914000477?via%3Dihub.
Zhang, Y., , Liu, J., , Chen, X. Q., , & Oliver Chen, C. Y., (2018). Ubiquinol is superior to ubiquinone to enhance Coenzyme Q10 status in older men. Food & function, 9(11), 5653–5659. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8fo00971f.

Ubiquinol is superior to ubiquinone to enhance Coenzyme Q10 status in older men

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) plays a crucial role in electron transport chain function and serves as a vital lipophilic antioxidant in the body. In this study, the efficacy of ubiquinol versus ubiquinone in enhancing CoQ10 status in older men was investigated. The double-blind, randomized, crossover trial involved two 2-week intervention phases with a 2-week washout period. Results demonstrated that the ubiquinol supplement significantly increased plasma ubiquinone and total CoQ10 levels, indicating its effectiveness in enhancing CoQ10 status compared to ubiquinone. The response to supplementation varied among individuals, with six subjects showing better responsiveness to ubiquinol. Interestingly, neither form of CoQ10 supplementation affected oxidative stress biomarkers. These findings suggest that ubiquinol may be a more effective supplemental form for improving CoQ10 status in older men.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2018/FO/C8FO00971F.
Orlando, P., Silvestri, S., Galeazzi, R., Antonicelli, R., Marcheggiani, F., Cirilli, I., Bacchetti, T., & Tiano, L. (2018). Effect of ubiquinol supplementation on biochemical and oxidative stress indexes after intense exercise in young athletes. Redox report : communications in free radical research, 23(1), 136–145. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510002.2018.1472924.

Effect of ubiquinol supplementation on biochemical and oxidative stress indexes after intense exercise in young athletes

The study aimed to assess the impact of ubiquinol supplementation on biochemical and oxidative stress markers following intense exercise in 21 male young athletes. In a one-month double-blind cross-over trial, participants received either ubiquinol (200 mg/day) or a placebo. After a single bout of intense exercise, which led to a significant increase in hematochemical indexes, ubiquinol supplementation prevented exercise-induced CoQ depletion and maintained paraoxonase activity. However, it did not improve physical performance or markers of muscular damage. The findings highlight the rapid depletion of CoQ post-exercise and suggest that ubiquinol supplementation may enhance antioxidant levels without influencing exercise performance or muscle damage markers.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6748686/.
Mizuno, K., Sasaki, A. T., Watanabe, K., & Watanabe, Y. (2020). Ubiquinol-10 Intake Is Effective in Relieving Mild Fatigue in Healthy Individuals. Nutrients, 12(6), 1640. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061640.

Ubiquinol-10 Intake Is Effective in Relieving Mild Fatigue in Healthy Individuals

In our 12-week double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we investigated the impact of ubiquinol, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10, on mild fatigue in individuals experiencing daily fatigue persisting for more than 1 and less than 6 months. Participants received either 100 mg/day ubiquinol (Ubq100), 150 mg/day ubiquinol (Ubq150), or a placebo. Ubiquinol supplementation led to a three- to four-fold increase in serum ubiquinol levels after 4 weeks, remaining significantly higher than the placebo throughout the study. Both Ubq100 and Ubq150 groups exhibited improved subjective fatigue levels and reduced sleepiness after cognitive tasks compared to the placebo, indicating an anti-fatigue effect. Additionally, the Ubq150 group showed significant improvements in relaxation, sleepiness, motivation, and oxidative stress compared to the placebo. The study suggests that ubiquinol intake may alleviate mild fatigue in healthy individuals, with positive correlations between blood ubiquinol levels and relaxation, motivation, and parasympathetic activity.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7352232/.
Suzuki, Y., Nagato, S., Sakuraba, K., Morio, K., & Sawaki, K. (2021). Short-term ubiquinol-10 supplementation alleviates tissue damage in muscle and fatigue caused by strenuous exercise in male distance runners. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 91(3-4), 261–270. https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000627.
Short-term ubiquinol-10 supplementation alleviates tissue damage in muscle and fatigue caused by strenuous exercise in male distance runners

In this placebo-controlled, double-blind study, we explored the potential benefits of higher doses of ubiquinol-10, the reduced form of Coenzyme Q10, on plasma CoQ10 levels and physiological effects in athletes. Sixteen male collegiate distance runners were divided into two groups, receiving either 300 mg/day of ubiquinol-10 or a placebo during a 12-day summer training program involving 25- and 40-km runs. Ubiquinol-10 significantly increased plasma CoQ10 levels and reduced activities of serum extravasate enzymes (CK, ALT, LDH, and AST) within six days. Subjective fatigue levels significantly increased in the placebo group after the 45-km run, while the ubiquinol-10 group showed no significant change. These findings suggest that ubiquinol-10 supplementation at 300 mg/day can rapidly elevate CoQ10 levels, decrease tissue damage markers, and alleviate subjective fatigue in male distance runners during summer training.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/10.1024/0300-9831/a000627?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed.
Fukuda, S., Nojima, J., Kajimoto, O., Yamaguti, K., Nakatomi, Y., Kuratsune, H., & Watanabe, Y. (2016). Ubiquinol-10 supplementation improves autonomic nervous function and cognitive function in chronic fatigue syndrome. BioFactors (Oxford, England), 42(4), 431–440. https://doi.org/10.1002/biof.1293.

Ubiquinol-10 supplementation improves autonomic nervous function and cognitive function in chronic fatigue syndrome

The objective of this investigation was to assess the efficacy of oral ubiquinol-10 supplementation in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) patients through an open-label study and a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled (RCT) study. In the 8-week open-label phase, 20 CFS patients received 150 mg ubiquinol-10 daily without blinding of patients or physicians. Subsequently, in the 12-week RCT phase, 43 CFS patients were randomly assigned to either ubiquinol-10 (150 mg/day) or a placebo, with both patients and physicians blinded to the supplementation. Thirty-one patients completed the RCT, and the results indicated that ubiquinol-10 supplementation for 12 weeks was effective in improving various symptoms of CFS. The positive effects observed in the open-label study were consistent with the outcomes of the randomized, controlled trial. This study was published in BioFactors in 2016.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/biof.1293.
Miyamae, T., Seki, M., Naga, T., Uchino, S., Asazuma, H., Yoshida, T., Iizuka, Y., Kikuchi, M., Imagawa, T., Natsumeda, Y., Yokota, S., & Yamamoto, Y. (2013). Increased oxidative stress and coenzyme Q10 deficiency in juvenile fibromyalgia: amelioration of hypercholesterolemia and fatigue by ubiquinol-10 supplementation. Redox report : communications in free radical research, 18(1), 12–19. https://doi.org/10.1179/1351000212Y.0000000036.

Increased oxidative stress and coenzyme Q10 deficiency in juvenile fibromyalgia: amelioration of hypercholesterolemia and fatigue by ubiquinol-10 supplementation

In the context of Fibromyalgia (FM), a condition marked by widespread pain and chronic fatigue with an unknown origin, oxidative stress was investigated by analyzing plasma levels of various compounds in juvenile FM patients (n=10) compared to healthy controls (n=67). The study revealed increased levels of free cholesterol (FC) and cholesterol esters (CE) in juvenile FM, indicating the presence of hypercholesterolemia. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in plasma ubiquinol-10, suggesting coenzyme Q10 deficiency and increased oxidative stress in FM. Elevated levels of free fatty acids (FFA) and decreased polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content in FM indicated heightened tissue oxidative damage. Subsequent supplementation of ubiquinol-10 (100 mg/day for 12 weeks) in FM patients resulted in increased coenzyme Q10 levels, decreased %CoQ10, and improved chronic fatigue scores. Notably, the supplementation also led to decreased levels of FC and CE, suggesting an improvement in cholesterol metabolism. These findings were published in a study highlighting the potential benefits of ubiquinol-10 in alleviating symptoms associated with FM.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6837523/.
Langsjoen, P. H., & Langsjoen, A. M. (2008). Supplemental ubiquinol in patients with advanced congestive heart failure. BioFactors (Oxford, England), 32(1-4), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.1002/biof.5520320114.

Supplemental ubiquinol in patients with advanced congestive heart failure

Patients suffering from advanced congestive heart failure (CHF) often struggle to attain sufficient plasma CoQ10 levels with supplemental ubiquinone, even at doses up to 900 mg/day, leading to limited clinical improvement. It is suggested that intestinal edema in critically ill CHF patients may hinder CoQ10 absorption. In this study, seven patients with advanced CHF (mean EF 22%) and sub-therapeutic plasma CoQ10 levels (1.6 microg/ml on average with 450 mg ubiquinone daily) were switched to an average of 580 mg/day of ubiquinol (450-900 mg/day). Following the change, plasma CoQ10 levels significantly increased from 1.6 microg/ml to 6.5 microg/ml, and mean EF improved from 22% to 39%. Clinical status also saw remarkable improvement, with NYHA class shifting from a mean of IV to a mean of II. This suggests that ubiquinol substantially enhances absorption in severe heart failure patients, and the increase in plasma CoQ10 levels correlates with both clinical and left ventricular function improvements.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/biof.5520320114?sid=nlm%3Apubmed.
Chen FL, Chang PS, Lin YC, Lin PT. A Pilot Clinical Study of Liquid Ubiquinol Supplementation on Cardiac Function in Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Nutrients. 2018;10(11):1697. Published 2018 Nov 7. doi:10.3390/nu10111697.

A Pilot Clinical Study of Liquid Ubiquinol Supplementation on Cardiac Function in Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy

In this study, the researchers investigated the impact of liquid ubiquinol supplementation (10 mg/kg body weight/day) on cardiac function in children with Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy (PDCM), a serious cardiac muscle dysfunction. Ten PDCM-diagnosed children were administered liquid ubiquinol for 24 weeks, and their cardiac function was assessed through echocardiography. Results revealed significant improvements in ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) until week 16 of supplementation. Higher plasma coenzyme Q10 levels correlated with better EF and FS values, and 30% of subjects showed improved New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification after 24 weeks. The findings suggest that liquid ubiquinol supplementation may enhance coenzyme Q10 levels, leading to improved cardiac function and reduced heart failure symptoms in children with PDCM.

You can read the full article ate https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6266971/.
Kumar, A., Singh, R. B., Saxena, M., Niaz, M. A., Josh, S. R., Chattopadhyay, P., Mechirova, V., Pella, D., & Fedacko, J. (2007). Effect of carni Q-gel (ubiquinol and carnitine) on cytokines in patients with heart failure in the Tishcon study. Acta cardiologica, 62(4), 349–354. https://doi.org/10.2143/AC.62.4.2022278.

Effect of carni Q-gel (ubiquinol and carnitine) on cytokines in patients with heart failure in the Tishcon study

In a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, the impact of Carni Q-gel (2250 mg/d L-carnitine and 270 mg/d hydrosoluble ubiquinol) was investigated on patients with heart failure, addressing deficiencies in carnitine and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ). The study involved 31 patients in the intervention group and 31 in the control group. Serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), were high at baseline but significantly decreased in the intervention group after 12 weeks, with no such changes in the control group. Quality of life, dyspnea, palpitations, and fatigue improved in the intervention group, as indicated by the visual analogous scale and the six-minute walk test. The symptom scale also showed more significant improvement in the intervention group compared to the control group. Adverse effects were minimal. These results suggest that ubiquinol + L-carnitine treatment can reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, enhance neurohumoral balance, and improve the quality of life in heart failure patients without adverse effects on anti-inflammatory cytokines.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17824295/.
Kalatanova, A. V., Makarov, V. G., Faustova, N. M., Gushchin, Y. I., & Makarova, M. N. (2018). Otsenka kardioprotektornogo deĭstviia ubikhinola na modeli reperfuzionnogo povrezhdeniia miokarda krys [Evaluation of the cardioprotective effect of ubiquinol on the model of reperfusion injury of rat myocardium]. Biomeditsinskaia khimiia, 64(2), 188–194. https://doi.org/10.18097/PBMC20186402188.

Evaluation of the cardioprotective effect of ubiquinol on the model of reperfusion injury of rat myocardium

The study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of ubiquinol in a rat model of myocardium reperfusion injury. Mature male outbred rats underwent myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and various criteria were employed for pathology assessment, including electrocardiography, plasma biochemical analysis, and histological studies. The untreated group exhibited specific changes indicative of reperfusion damage. The best therapeutic outcomes, particularly in biochemical indices, were observed with ubiquinol at doses of 2-6 mg/kg and a known cardioprotective drug, Mexidol. Electrocardiography results confirmed ischemic myocardial damage across all groups. Histochemical and histological examinations suggested high cardioprotective activity with ubiquinol at a dose of 3 mg/kg and potential cardioprotective effects at doses closer to therapeutic levels (2 and 6 mg/kg). However, at a dose of 9 mg/kg, ubiquinol displayed signs of prooxidant activity, exacerbating myocardial reperfusion injury. The study concluded that a 1% solution of ubiquinol at a dose of 3 mg/kg exhibited significant cardioprotective effects comparable to or exceeding Mexidol at the therapeutic dose, emphasizing its efficacy under experimental pathological conditions.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29723149/.
Holmberg, M. J., Andersen, L. W., Moskowitz, A., Berg, K. M., Cocchi, M. N., Chase, M., Liu, X., Kuhn, D. M., Grossestreuer, A. V., Hoeyer-Nielsen, A. K., Kirkegaard, H., & Donnino, M. W. (2021). Ubiquinol (reduced coenzyme Q10) as a metabolic resuscitator in post-cardiac arrest: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Resuscitation, 162, 388–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.01.041.

Ubiquinol (reduced coenzyme Q10) as a metabolic resuscitator in post-cardiac arrest: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

In this trial, the aim was to investigate the impact of ubiquinol administration on physiological coenzyme Q10 levels, oxygen consumption, and neurological biomarkers in patients successfully resuscitated from cardiac arrest. The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study involved administering enteral ubiquinol (300 mg) or placebo every 12 hours for up to 7 days. The primary endpoint, total coenzyme Q10 plasma levels, was significantly higher in the ubiquinol group at 24, 48, and 72 hours. However, there were no differences in secondary endpoints, including neurological biomarkers and oxygen consumption, between the two groups. The findings suggest that while enteral ubiquinol increased plasma coenzyme Q10 levels, it did not impact neurological outcomes or oxygen consumption in post-cardiac arrest patients compared to the placebo.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://www.resuscitationjournal.com/article/S0300-9572(21)00050-2/fulltext.
Kawashima, C., Matsuzawa, Y., Konishi, M., Akiyama, E., Suzuki, H., Sato, R., Nakahashi, H., Kikuchi, S., Kimura, Y., Maejima, N., Iwahashi, N., Hibi, K., Kosuge, M., Ebina, T., Tamura, K., & Kimura, K. (2020). Ubiquinol Improves Endothelial Function in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Single-Center, Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Crossover Pilot Study. American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions, 20(4), 363–372. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40256-019-00384-y.

Ubiquinol Improves Endothelial Function in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Single-Center, Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Crossover Pilot Study

In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover pilot study, the researchers aimed to investigate the potential impact of ubiquinol, a reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), on peripheral endothelial function in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Fourteen stable HFrEF patients were randomly assigned to receive either ubiquinol 400 mg/day or placebo for 3 months, with a subsequent crossover to the alternative treatment after a 1-month washout period. The results indicated that peripheral endothelial function, assessed by the reactive hyperemia index (RHI) and its natural logarithm (LnRHI), tended to improve with ubiquinol. Original RHI values showed a significant improvement with ubiquinol, suggesting that a 3-month course of ubiquinol may be a therapeutic option for enhancing peripheral endothelial function in individuals with HFrEF. The study suggests the need for large-scale randomized controlled trials to further evaluate CoQ10 supplementation in HFrEF patients.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40256-019-00384-y
Bates, A., Shen, Q., Hiebert, J. B., Thimmesch, A., & Pierce, J. D. (2014). Myocardial energetics and ubiquinol in diastolic heart failure. Nursing & health sciences, 16(4), 428–433. https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12168.

Myocardial energetics and ubiquinol in diastolic heart failure

Diastolic heart failure, a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, lacks effective therapies to improve patient outcomes. This article aims to explore the potential role of coenzyme Q10, particularly ubiquinol, in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction by reviewing relevant literature. The study findings indicate altered myocardial energetics, defective energy metabolism, and increased oxidative stress in diastolic heart failure. Emerging research suggests that ubiquinol supplementation may be a promising complementary treatment to enhance left ventricular diastolic function. However, large-scale randomized studies are needed to confirm the potential benefits of ubiquinol in improving outcomes for diastolic heart failure patients. Given ubiquinol’s antioxidant properties and its role in adenosine triphosphate production, clinicians and health scientists should consider its potential therapeutic role in the treatment of diastolic heart failure.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nhs.12168.
Onur, S., Niklowitz, P., Jacobs, G., Lieb, W., Menke, T., & Döring, F. (2015). Association between serum level of ubiquinol and NT-proBNP, a marker for chronic heart failure, in healthy elderly subjects. BioFactors (Oxford, England), 41(1), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1002/biof.1198.

Association between serum level of ubiquinol and NT-proBNP, a marker for chronic heart failure, in healthy elderly subjects

Ubiquinone and ubiquinol, the oxidized and reduced forms of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), are present in human tissues, with the highest concentration in the heart. This study investigated the relationship between serum levels of CoQ10 and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), an indicator of heart failure severity, in healthy elderly volunteers (mean age 52 years, n = 871). The findings revealed a negative association between ubiquinol levels and NT-proBNP, while the CoQ10 redox state showed a positive association with NT-proBNP. Healthy subjects exhibited lower NT-proBNP levels, higher ubiquinol levels, and a lower CoQ10 redox state compared to those who survived a myocardial infarction. Notably, ubiquinol supplementation slightly reduced the expression of CLCN6, a gene related to NT-proBNP. In conclusion, higher ubiquinol levels were associated with lower NT-proBNP levels in healthy elderly subjects, though the protective role of ubiquinol against heart failure requires further clarification through prospective studies.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/biof.1198.
Stough, C., Nankivell, M., Camfield, D. A., Perry, N. L., Pipingas, A., Macpherson, H., Wesnes, K., Ou, R., Hare, D., de Haan, J., Head, G., Lansjoen, P., Langsjoen, A., Tan, B., Pase, M. P., King, R., Rowsell, R., Zwalf, O., Rathner, Y., Cooke, M., … Rosenfeldt, F. (2019). CoQ10 and Cognition a Review and Study Protocol for a 90-Day Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Cognitive Effects of Ubiquinol in the Healthy Elderly. Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 11, 103. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2019.00103.

CoQ10 and Cognition a Review and Study Protocol for a 90-Day Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Cognitive Effects of Ubiquinol in the Healthy Elderly

In response to the imperative need for effective treatments to address cognitive decline in an aging population, this study outlines a 90-day randomized controlled trial protocol. The focus is on evaluating the efficacy of Ubiquinol (200 mg/day) compared to a placebo in mitigating cognitive decline in a healthy elderly sample aged 60 years and above. Recognizing various contributors to age-related cognitive decline, including cerebrovascular disease, oxidative stress, reduced antioxidant capacity, and mitochondrial dysfunction, the trial aims to assess Ubiquinol’s potential benefits on brain function. The primary outcome will measure the effect of Ubiquinol on CogTrack composite cognition measures at 90 days compared to baseline. Additionally, cognitive measures, cardiovascular function, oxidative stress, liver function, and mood will be monitored at 30-, 60-, and 90-day intervals. Data analysis will involve repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). This pioneering study aims to provide crucial clinical and mechanistic insights into Ubiquinol’s efficacy as a treatment for age-related cognitive decline in healthy elderly individuals, holding significant implications for productivity and quality of life within this demographic. The trial is registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTRN12618001841268).

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6549544/.
Stough, C., Nankivell, M., Camfield, D. A., Perry, N. L., Pipingas, A., Macpherson, H., Wesnes, K., Ou, R., Hare, D., de Haan, J., Head, G., Lansjoen, P., Langsjoen, A., Tan, B., Pase, M. P., King, R., Rowsell, R., Zwalf, O., Rathner, Y., Cooke, M., … Rosenfeldt, F. (2019). CoQ10 and Cognition a Review and Study Protocol for a 90-Day Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Cognitive Effects of Ubiquinol in the Healthy Elderly. Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 11, 103. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2019.00103.

CoQ10 and Cognition a Review and Study Protocol for a 90-Day Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Cognitive Effects of Ubiquinol in the Healthy Elderly

In response to the imperative need for effective treatments to address cognitive decline in an aging population, this study outlines a 90-day randomized controlled trial protocol. The focus is on evaluating the efficacy of Ubiquinol (200 mg/day) compared to a placebo in mitigating cognitive decline in a healthy elderly sample aged 60 years and above. Recognizing various contributors to age-related cognitive decline, including cerebrovascular disease, oxidative stress, reduced antioxidant capacity, and mitochondrial dysfunction, the trial aims to assess Ubiquinol’s potential benefits on brain function. The primary outcome will measure the effect of Ubiquinol on CogTrack composite cognition measures at 90 days compared to baseline. Additionally, cognitive measures, cardiovascular function, oxidative stress, liver function, and mood will be monitored at 30-, 60-, and 90-day intervals. Data analysis will involve repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). This pioneering study aims to provide crucial clinical and mechanistic insights into Ubiquinol’s efficacy as a treatment for age-related cognitive decline in healthy elderly individuals, holding significant implications for productivity and quality of life within this demographic. The trial is registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTRN12618001841268).

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6549544/.
Yoritaka, A., Kawajiri, S., Yamamoto, Y., Nakahara, T., Ando, M., Hashimoto, K., Nagase, M., Saito, Y., & Hattori, N. (2015). Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial of reduced coenzyme Q10 for Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism & related disorders, 21(8), 911–916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.05.022.

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial of reduced coenzyme Q10 for Parkinson’s disease

In this study, the authors investigated the efficacy of ubiquinol-10, the reduced form of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), in Japanese patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Mitochondrial complex I deficiencies have been identified in post-mortem brains of PD patients, and CoQ10 is known for its antioxidant properties. The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trials involved two groups: PD patients experiencing wearing off (Group A) and early PD patients without levodopa (Group B). Participants took 300 mg of ubiquinol-10 or a placebo daily for 48 weeks (Group A) or 96 weeks (Group B). In Group A, the ubiquinol-10 group exhibited a significant decrease in total Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores, indicating symptom improvement compared to the placebo group. The study suggests that ubiquinol-10 may be beneficial in improving PD symptoms with wearing off and is well-tolerated.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://www.prd-journal.com/article/S1353-8020(15)00240-0/fulltext.
Schmelzer, C., Niklowitz, P., Okun, J. G., Haas, D., Menke, T., & Döring, F. (2011). Ubiquinol-induced gene expression signatures are translated into altered parameters of erythropoiesis and reduced low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in humans. IUBMB life, 63(1), 42–48. https://doi.org/10.1002/iub.413.

Ubiquinol-induced gene expression signatures are translated into altered parameters of erythropoiesis and reduced low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in humans

In a 2-week supplementation study involving 53 healthy males, the effects of ubiquinol, the reduced form of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), were investigated in terms of gene expression and physiological outcomes. The study revealed a 4.8-fold increase in mean CoQ10 plasma levels after supplementation. Transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses identified a gene interaction network in CD14-positive monocytes related to inflammation, cell differentiation, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling. These gene expression patterns induced by ubiquinol were consistent with previous findings in mouse liver tissues. Biochemical and NMR-based analyses demonstrated a reduction in plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, particularly in atherogenic small dense LDL particles. Additionally, ubiquinol supplementation led to changes in erythropoiesis parameters, reducing erythrocyte count and increasing reticulocyte concentration. In summary, ubiquinol induced specific gene expression patterns, translating into lowered LDL cholesterol levels and altered erythropoiesis parameters in humans.

You can read the full article at https://iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/iub.413.
Miyamae, T., Seki, M., Naga, T., Uchino, S., Asazuma, H., Yoshida, T., Iizuka, Y., Kikuchi, M., Imagawa, T., Natsumeda, Y., Yokota, S., & Yamamoto, Y. (2013). Increased oxidative stress and coenzyme Q10 deficiency in juvenile fibromyalgia: amelioration of hypercholesterolemia and fatigue by ubiquinol-10 supplementation. Redox report : communications in free radical research, 18(1), 12–19. https://doi.org/10.1179/1351000212Y.0000000036.

Increased oxidative stress and coenzyme Q10 deficiency in juvenile fibromyalgia: amelioration of hypercholesterolemia and fatigue by ubiquinol-10 supplementation

Fibromyalgia (FM), characterized by widespread pain and chronic fatigue, was investigated for its potential association with oxidative stress. A study comparing juvenile FM patients (n=10) and healthy controls (n=67) found elevated levels of free cholesterol (FC) and cholesterol esters (CE) in FM, suggesting hypercholesterolemia. Notably, plasma ubiquinol-10 levels were reduced, indicating coenzyme Q10 deficiency and increased oxidative stress. Higher free fatty acid (FFA) levels and altered polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition in FM pointed to increased tissue oxidative damage. Ubiquinol-10 supplementation for 12 weeks in FM patients increased coenzyme Q10 levels, decreased the ratio of ubiquinone-10 to total coenzyme Q10 (%CoQ10), and improved chronic fatigue scores. While FFA levels remained unchanged, the supplementation led to decreased FC and CE levels, indicating improved cholesterol metabolism in juvenile FM.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6837523/.
Schmelzer, C., Niklowitz, P., Okun, J. G., Haas, D., Menke, T., & Döring, F. (2011). Ubiquinol-induced gene expression signatures are translated into altered parameters of erythropoiesis and reduced low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in humans. IUBMB life, 63(1), 42–48. https://doi.org/10.1002/iub.413.

Ubiquinol-induced gene expression signatures are translated into altered parameters of erythropoiesis and reduced low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in humans

In a 2-week supplementation study involving 53 healthy males, the effects of the reduced form of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), ubiquinol (Q10H2), were explored. This intervention led to a significant 4.8-fold increase in mean CoQ10 plasma levels. Transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses identified a Q10H2-induced gene-gene interaction network in CD14-positive monocytes, associated with inflammation, cell differentiation, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-signaling. These gene expression patterns were consistent with those observed in liver tissues of SAMP1 mice. Biochemical and NMR-based analyses demonstrated a notable reduction in plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, particularly in atherogenic small dense LDL particles. The study also revealed that Q10H2 supplementation impacted erythropoiesis, reducing the number of erythrocytes while increasing the concentration of reticulocytes. In summary, Q10H2 induced specific gene expression patterns, resulting in reduced LDL cholesterol levels and altered erythropoiesis parameters in humans.

You can read the full article at https://iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/iub.413.
Kloer, H. U., Belardinelli, R., Ruchong, O., & Rosenfeldt, F. (2020). Combining Ubiquinol With a Statin May Benefit Hypercholesterolaemic Patients With Chronic Heart Failure. Heart, lung & circulation, 29(2), 188–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2019.08.017.

Combining Ubiquinol With a Statin May Benefit Hypercholesterolaemic Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) poses a significant threat in Western society, prompting the exploration of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation as an adjunct to standard medications for chronic heart failure (CHF). Recent findings highlight the potential of CoQ10 to reduce mortality and enhance quality of life and functional capacity in CHF. The rationale for CoQ10 supplementation lies in its roles in myocardial bioenergetics and antioxidation. CoQ10 concentration decreases in CHF and with statin therapy, and greater deficiency correlates with more severe cardiocirculatory impairment. Combining CoQ10 with statins, especially with ubiquinol, the active reduced form of CoQ10, may mitigate skeletal muscle injury and enhance myocardial function, particularly when combined with ezetimibe/simvastatin. However, caution is urged against extreme cholesterol lowering, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach in co-administering ubiquinol with statins for patients with compromised myocardial function.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://www.heartlungcirc.org/article/S1443-9506(19)31444-1/fulltext.
Safarinejad, M. R., Safarinejad, S., Shafiei, N., & Safarinejad, S. (2012). Effects of the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinol) on semen parameters in men with idiopathic infertility: a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized study. The Journal of urology, 188(2), 526–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.03.131.

Effects of the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinol) on semen parameters in men with idiopathic infertility: a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized study

The study aimed to explore the impact of ubiquinol, a reduced form of coenzyme Q10, on semen parameters and seminal plasma antioxidant capacity in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. A total of 228 men with unexplained infertility were randomly assigned to receive either 200 mg of ubiquinol or a placebo daily for 26 weeks, followed by a 12-week off-drug period. Results indicated that ubiquinol significantly improved sperm density, sperm motility, and sperm morphology compared to the placebo group. During the treatment phase, serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels decreased, while serum inhibin B concentrations increased. Although semen parameters gradually returned to baseline during the off-drug period, significant differences persisted for sperm density and sperm motility. The duration of ubiquinol treatment showed a positive association with improved semen parameters. The study suggests that ubiquinol is effective in enhancing sperm quality in men with unexplained oligoasthenoteratozoospermia.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://www.auajournals.org/doi/10.1016/j.juro.2012.03.131.
Gaby A. R. (2013). Re: Effects of the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinol) on semen parameters in men with idiopathic infertility: a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized study: M. R. Safarinejad, S. Safarinejad, N. Shafiei and S. Safarinejad. J Urol 2012; 188: 526-531. The Journal of urology, 190(1), 364–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.01.086.

Effects of the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinol) on semen parameters in men with idiopathic infertility: a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized study

This study aimed to assess the impact of ubiquinol, a reduced form of coenzyme Q10, on semen parameters and seminal plasma antioxidant capacity in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. A total of 228 men with unexplained infertility were randomly assigned to receive either 200 mg of ubiquinol or a placebo daily for 26 weeks, followed by a 12-week off-drug period. Ubiquinol significantly improved sperm density, sperm motility, and sperm morphology compared to the placebo group. During the treatment phase, there were significant changes in serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels and serum inhibin B concentrations. Although semen parameters gradually returned to baseline during the off-drug period, significant differences persisted for sperm density and sperm motility. Correlation analysis revealed a positive association between the duration of ubiquinol treatment and improvements in sperm density, sperm motility, and sperm morphology. In conclusion, ubiquinol was significantly effective in enhancing sperm quality in men with unexplained oligoasthenoteratozoospermia.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://www.auajournals.org/doi/10.1016/j.juro.2012.03.131.
Thakur, Amar Singh et al. “Effect of Ubiquinol Therapy on Sperm Parameters and Serum Testosterone Levels in Oligoasthenozoospermic Infertile Men.” Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR vol. 9,9 (2015): BC01-3. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2015/13617.6424.

Effect of Ubiquinol Therapy on Sperm Parameters and Serum Testosterone Levels in Oligoasthenozoospermic Infertile Men

In this study, the impact of environmental factors on declining male sperm counts was addressed, attributing the decrease to influences like pesticides, heavy metals, and exogenous estrogens affecting spermatogenesis. Low testosterone levels were linked to reduced antioxidant protection against free radical damage to testosterone-producing glands. Building on previous findings that vitamin and antioxidant supplementation, including 10mg of Ubiquinol per day, increased sperm count and motility, the current research administered 150mg/day of Ubiquinol to 60 men aged 20-40 for six months. Results demonstrated a significant 53% increase in total sperm count and a 26% improvement in total sperm motility, particularly with a 41% increase in rapidly motile sperm and a 55% reduction in non-motile sperm. This suggests that Ubiquinol supplementation may be beneficial for individuals with oligospermia, maintaining testosterone levels and improving sperm morphology.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4606224/.
Cakiroglu, B., Eyyupoglu, S. E., Gozukucuk, R., & Uyanik, B. S. (2014). Ubiquinol effect on sperm parameters in subfertile men who have astheno-teratozoospermia with normal sperm concentration. Nephro-urology monthly, 6(3), e16870. https://doi.org/10.5812/numonthly.16870.

Ubiquinol effect on sperm parameters in subfertile men who have astheno-teratozoospermia with normal sperm concentration

In this retrospective study focusing on idiopathic subfertility, 62 patients receiving 100 mg ubiquinol twice a day for six months were examined. The aim was to investigate the effects of ubiquinol, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10, as an empiric treatment modality on sperm parameters, specifically in cases of astheno-teratozoospermia without identified etiology and with a spermatozoa concentration exceeding 13 × 10(6)/mL. While the increase in mean sperm concentration after ubiquinol treatment was not statistically significant, significant improvements were observed in sperm morphology and motility (both fast progressive [a] and a + slow progressive [b]). The study underscores the need for more research on coenzyme Q10, especially in patients with severely diminished sperm densities and the physiological aspects of morphological improvements.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4090670/.
Balercia, G., Mancini, A., Paggi, F., Tiano, L., Pontecorvi, A., Boscaro, M., Lenzi, A., & Littarru, G. P. (2009). Coenzyme Q10 and male infertility. Journal of endocrinological investigation, 32(7), 626–632. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03346521.
Lewin, A., & Lavon, H. (1997). The effect of coenzyme Q10 on sperm motility and function. Molecular aspects of medicine, 18 Suppl, S213–S219. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0098-2997(97)00036-8.

The effect of coenzyme Q10 on sperm motility and function

The study aimed to assess the impact of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on sperm motility, both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, 38 samples of asthenospermic and normal motility sperm were incubated with varying concentrations of CoQ10. The results showed a significant increase in motility in the 50 microM CoQ10 subgroup of sperm from asthenospermic men compared to controls. Additionally, in vivo treatment involved 17 patients with low fertilization rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). These patients received oral CoQ10 (60 mg/day) for an average of 103 days before the next ICSI treatment. While there were no significant changes in most sperm parameters, there was a noteworthy improvement in fertilization rates after CoQ10 supplementation. The study suggests that CoQ10 administration may enhance sperm functions in specific cases, emphasizing the need for further investigation into the underlying mechanisms of these effects.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0098299797000368?via%3Dihub.
Alleva, R., Scararmucci, A., Mantero, F., Bompadre, S., Leoni, L., & Littarru, G. P. (1997). The protective role of ubiquinol-10 against formation of lipid hydroperoxides in human seminal fluid. Molecular aspects of medicine, 18 Suppl, S221–S228. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0098-2997(97)00040-x.

The protective role of ubiquinol-10 against formation of lipid hydroperoxides in human seminal fluid

In infertile men with defective sperm function, increased lipid peroxidation and impaired antioxidant defenses in spe brmatozoa have been identified. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), particularly in its reduced form (ubiquinol), is recognized as a potent antioxidant in various biological systems. This study analyzed CoQ10 content in both ubiquinol and ubiquinone forms, along with hydroperoxide levels, in the seminal plasma and fluid of 32 subjects with a history of infertility. The findings revealed a significant correlation between ubiquinol content and sperm count in seminal plasma, as well as an inverse correlation between ubiquinol content and hydroperoxide levels in both seminal plasma and fluid. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated a strong correlation among sperm count,motility, and ubiquinol-10 content in seminal fluid. These results suggest that ubiquinol-10 inhibits hydroperoxide formation, indicating its potential diagnostic and therapeutic role in addressing male infertility associated with peroxidation in sperm cells.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0098299797000368?via%3Dihub.
Balercia, G., Buldreghini, E., Vignini, A., Tiano, L., Paggi, F., Amoroso, S., Ricciardo-Lamonica, G., Boscaro, M., Lenzi, A., & Littarru, G. (2009). Coenzyme Q10 treatment in infertile men with idiopathic asthenozoospermia: a placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized trial. Fertility and sterility, 91(5), 1785–1792. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.02.119.

Coenzyme Q10 treatment in infertile men with idiopathic asthenozoospermia: a placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized trial

The study aimed to assess the efficacy of coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ10) treatment in enhancing semen quality among men with idiopathic infertility through a placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized trial. Sixty infertile patients meeting specific sperm selection criteria underwent a one-month run-in period, followed by six months of therapy with CoQ10 (200 mg/day) or placebo, and a three-month follow-up. Results indicated significant increases in CoQ10 and ubiquinol levels in both seminal plasma and sperm cells after treatment, along with improved spermatozoa motility. A weak linear dependence was observed between variations in CoQ10 and ubiquinol levels and kinetic parameters. Responders to the treatment were more likely among patients with lower baseline motility and CoQ10 levels. In conclusion, exogenous CoQ10 administration effectively elevated CoQ10 and ubiquinol levels in semen, leading to improved sperm kinetic features in individuals with idiopathic asthenozoospermia.

You can read the full article at https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0015-0282(08)00487-1.
Kobayashi, M., Tsuzuki, C., Kobayashi, M., Tsuchiya, H., Yamashita, Y., Ueno, K., Onozawa, M., Kobayashi, M., Kawakami, E., & Hori, T. (2021). Effect of supplementation with the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 on semen quality and antioxidant status in dogs with poor semen quality: Three case studies. The Journal of veterinary medical science, 83(7), 1044–1049. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.21-0174.

Effect of supplementation with the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 on semen quality and antioxidant status in dogs with poor semen quality: Three case studies

We investigated the impact of ubiquinol supplementation on semen quality in dogs with poor semen quality, as oxidative stress is a significant factor in male infertility. Three dogs were administered 100 mg of ubiquinol orally once daily for 12 weeks, and semen quality, serum testosterone, and seminal plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were assessed at 2-week intervals. Ubiquinol supplementation led to improvements in sperm motility, a reduction in morphologically abnormal sperm, and an increase in seminal plasma SOD activity. However, it did not affect testosterone levels, semen volume, or sperm number. These findings suggest that ubiquinol supplementation could serve as a non-endocrine therapy for infertile dogs.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8349810/.
Ruiz, A. J., Tibary, A., Heaton, R. A., Hargreaves, I. P., Leadon, D. P., & Bayly, W. M. (2021). Effects of Feeding Coenzyme Q10-Ubiquinol on Plasma Coenzyme Q10 Concentrations and Semen Quality in Stallions. Journal of equine veterinary science, 96, 103303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103303.

Effects of Feeding Coenzyme Q10-Ubiquinol on Plasma Coenzyme Q10 Concentrations and Semen Quality in Stallions

We investigated the impact of daily oral ingestion of CoQ10-ubiquinol on plasma CoQ10 concentrations and semen quality in stallions. Seven mature Andalusian stallions consumed 1g ubiquinol/day for 4 weeks, followed by a 4-week washout period. Ingesting ubiquinol increased plasma CoQ10 concentration significantly. Semen quality parameters, including viability (V) and progressive motility (PM), improved after 2 weeks of supplementation, and these enhancements persisted after discontinuing ubiquinol until the end of the 8-week sampling period. Overall, feeding 1g CoQ10-ubiquinol for 4 weeks improved semen quality after cooling and freezing in 5 out of 7 stallions, suggesting potential benefits for enhancing reproductive efficiency in stallions.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33349408/#:~:text=Feeding%201%20g%20CoQ10%2Dubiquinol,improving%20reproductive%20efficiency%20in%20stallions.
Yen, C. H., Chu, Y. J., Lee, B. J., Lin, Y. C., & Lin, P. T. (2018). Effect of liquid ubiquinol supplementation on glucose, lipids and antioxidant capacity in type 2 diabetes patients: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. The British journal of nutrition, 120(1), 57–63. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114518001241.

Effect of liquid ubiquinol supplementation on glucose, lipids and antioxidant capacity in type 2 diabetes patients: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial aimed to assess the impact of liquid ubiquinol supplementation on glucose, lipids, and antioxidant capacity in type 2 diabetes patients. Over 12 weeks, fifty participants received either a placebo or 100 mg/d of liquid ubiquinol. The liquid ubiquinol group exhibited a significant decrease in glyco Hb (HbA1c) value and lower anti-glycaemic medication effect scores compared to the placebo group. Antioxidative enzyme activities, specifically catalase and glutathione peroxidase, increased significantly with supplementation. Plasma coenzyme Q10 levels correlated with insulin, homoeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, and anti-hyperglycaemic agents’ medication effect scores. Lipid profiles remained stable, but the placebo group had a lower level of HDL-cholesterol after intervention. This suggests that 100 mg/d of liquid ubiquinol may offer benefits to type 2 diabetes patients by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, reducing HbA1c levels, and maintaining HDL-cholesterol levels.

You can read the full article at https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/british-journal-of-nutrition/article/effect-of-liquid-ubiquinol-supplementation-on-glucose-lipids-and-antioxidant-capacity-in-type-2-diabetes-patients-a-doubleblind-randomised-placebocontrolled-trial/5EC14496C558853B4C6861CF6EC70AF2.
Mezawa, M., Takemoto, M., Onishi, S., Ishibashi, R., Ishikawa, T., Yamaga, M., Fujimoto, M., Okabe, E., He, P., Kobayashi, K., & Yokote, K. (2012). The reduced form of coenzyme Q10 improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: an open label pilot study. BioFactors (Oxford, England), 38(6), 416–421. https://doi.org/10.1002/biof.1038.

The reduced form of coenzyme Q10 improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: an open label pilot study

In an open-label study, we investigated the clinical impact of ubiquinol supplementation, the reduced form of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), in addition to standard glucose-lowering agents in patients with type 2 diabetes. Nine subjects with diabetes received 200 mg ubiquinol daily for 12 weeks. While no significant changes were observed in blood pressure, lipid profile, oxidative stress markers, or inflammatory markers, there were notable improvements in glycosylated hemoglobin levels. Glycosylated hemoglobin decreased from 53.0 ± 4.3 to 50.5 ± 3.7 mmol/mol (7.1 ± 0.4 to 6.8 ± 0.4%, P = 0.01). Additionally, in healthy volunteers, ubiquinol supplementation for 4 weeks led to significant enhancements in the insulinogenic index and a reduction in the proinsulin-to-insulin ratio. These findings suggest that ubiquinol supplementation, when combined with standard antihyperglycemic medications, can improve glycemic control by enhancing insulin secretion without adverse effects.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/biof.1038.
Zhang SY, Yang KL, Zeng LT, Wu XH, Huang HY. Effectiveness of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Endocrinol. 2018;2018:6484839. Published 2018 Sep 16. doi:10.1155/2018/6484839.

Effectiveness of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of coenzyme Q10 for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thirteen randomized controlled trials involving 765 patients were analyzed. Compared to the control group, coenzyme Q10 demonstrated a potential decrease in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (WMD -0.29; 95% CI -0.54, -0.03; P = 0.03) and fasting blood glucose (WMD -11.21; 95% CI -18.99, -3.43; P = 0.005). While there was no strong evidence for a statistical difference in fasting insulin (WMD -0.48; 95% CI -2.54, 1.57; P = 0.65), the results suggest that coenzyme Q10 may aid in glycemic control and improve lipid profiles in individuals with T2DM.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6165589/.
Shen Q, Pierce JD. Supplementation of Coenzyme Q10 among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Healthcare (Basel). 2015;3(2):296-309. Published 2015 May 21. doi:10.3390/healthcare3020296.
Supplementation of Coenzyme Q10 among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant health challenge globally, with mounting evidence linking mitochondrial dysfunction, fueled by oxidative stress, to its pathogenesis. Coenzyme Q10, a crucial micronutrient influencing the mitochondria’s electron transport chain, serves dual roles in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and potent antioxidant activity. Patients with T2DM often exhibit coenzyme Q10 deficiency. The article explores the interplay between oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and T2DM, assessing the potential of coenzyme Q10 supplementation to mitigate oxidative stress, preserve mitochondrial function, and enhance glycemic control in T2DM.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4939545/.
Pek, Sharon Lt et al. “MicroRNAs as biomarkers of hepatotoxicity in a randomized placebo-controlled study of simvastatin and ubiquinol supplementation.” Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) vol. 241,3 (2016): 317-30. doi:10.1177/1535370215605588.

MicroRNAs as biomarkers of hepatotoxicity in a randomized placebo-controlled study of simvastatin and ubiquinol supplementation

Statins, potent cholesterol-lowering drugs with generally good tolerability, may rarely lead to hepatotoxicity, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Coenzyme Q10 deficiency is implicated in this adverse effect, and studies have demonstrated the hepatoprotective effects of supplemented reduced coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinol). This double-blind, randomized-controlled trial explored microRNA (miRNA) profiles and liver enzymes in simvastatin-treated patients, both with and without ubiquinol supplementation, over 12 weeks compared to baseline. miRNA expression changes were correlated with liver enzyme levels. Simvastatin-only treated patients exhibited positive correlations between changes in specific miRNAs and alanine aminotransferase, while ubiquinol supplementation was associated with down-regulated liver enzymes and negative correlations with select miRNAs. Bioinformatics analyses suggested potential hepatoprotective effects of ubiquinol supplementation at the miRNA level. The results indicate that simvastatin at 20 mg/day does not pose a significant risk of hepatotoxicity, and ubiquinol supplementation may offer potential beneficial changes to counteract coenzyme Q10 deficiency in the liver.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4935448/.
Farsi, F., Mohammadshahi, M., Alavinejad, P., Rezazadeh, A., Zarei, M., & Engali, K. A. (2016). Functions of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Liver Enzymes, Markers of Systemic Inflammation, and Adipokines in Patients Affected by Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 35(4), 346–353. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2015.1021057.

Functions of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Liver Enzymes, Markers of Systemic Inflammation, and Adipokines in Patients Affected by Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial

In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 41 subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation were investigated. The participants received either CoQ10 capsules (100 mg once a day) or a placebo for 12 weeks. The results indicated that daily intake of 100 mg CoQ10 led to a significant reduction in liver aminotransferases (AST and GGT), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor α, and NAFLD grades compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, CoQ10 supplementation was associated with increased serum levels of adiponectin (p = 0.016) and notable changes in serum leptin (p = 0.053). While no significant alterations occurred in serum interleukin-6 levels in both groups, the study suggests that a CoQ10 supplement at this dosage may effectively improve systemic inflammation and biochemical variables in NAFLD.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07315724.2015.1021057.
Onur, S., Niklowitz, P., Jacobs, G., Nöthlings, U., Lieb, W., Menke, T., & Döring, F. (2014). Ubiquinol reduces gamma glutamyltransferase as a marker of oxidative stress in humans. BMC research notes, 7, 427. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-7-427.

Ubiquinol reduces gamma glutamyltransferase as a marker of oxidative stress in humans

In a cross-sectional study (cohort I) involving 416 healthy participants aged 19 to 62, the relationship between the Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) status and serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity was examined. Results showed a strong positive association between CoQ10 status and serum GGT activity, with gender-specific differences noted. In a second step, a 14-day supplementation of the reduced form of CoQ10, ubiquinol (Q10H2), at 150 mg/d was administered to 53 healthy males (cohort II). This supplementation led to a significant decrease in serum GGT activity, along with a 1.49 fold decline in GGT1 mRNA levels. Notably, other liver enzymes like aspartate aminotransferase (AST) remained unaffected by Q10H2 supplementation. These findings provide preliminary evidence suggesting that higher Q10H2 levels may improve oxidative stress by reducing serum GGT activity in humans.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4105833/.
Ryo, K., Ito, A., Takatori, R., Tai, Y., Arikawa, K., Seido, T., Yamada, T., Shinpo, K., Tamaki, Y., Fujii, K., Yamamoto, Y., & Saito, I. (2011). Effects of coenzyme Q10 on salivary secretion. Clinical biochemistry, 44(8-9), 669–674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.03.029.

Effects of coenzyme Q10 on salivary secretion

The study aimed to investigate the impact of reduced (ubiquinol) or oxidized (ubiquinone) forms of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on salivary secretion and CoQ10 content in patients with dry mouth. Sixty-six participants were administered either ubiquinol, ubiquinone, or a placebo at 100 mg/day for a month. Both forms of CoQ10 significantly improved salivary secretion and CoQ10 content, indicating their effectiveness in alleviating dry mouth symptoms. The local detection of CoQ10 in salivary glands suggested that orally administered CoQ10 was transported through the bloodstream, exerting its activity and enhancing salivary secretion.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S000991201100141X?via%3Dihub.
Ushikoshi-Nakayama, Ryoko et al. “Effect of gummy candy containing ubiquinol on secretion of saliva: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group comparative study and an in vitro study.” PloS one vol. 14,4 e0214495. 3 Apr. 2019, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0214495.

Effect of gummy candy containing ubiquinol on secretion of saliva: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group comparative study and an in vitro study

In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the impact of ubiquinol, the reduced form of Coenzyme Q10, on saliva secretion was investigated in 40 healthy subjects experiencing mild mouth dryness. The participants, aged 65 or younger, consumed gummy candy with 50 mg of ubiquinol or a placebo twice daily for 8 weeks. The ubiquinol group exhibited a significant rise in CoQ10 levels in saliva (p = 0.025*, d = 0.65) and an increased saliva flow rate (p = 0.048*, d = 0.66) compared to the placebo group. Stomatognathic muscle strength showed no significant change. Questionnaire responses indicated improvements in fatigue, mouth dryness, susceptibility to colds, and diarrhea in the ubiquinol group. The study suggested that ubiquinol enhances saliva secretion by mitigating oxidative stress and promoting ATP production in salivary glands.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6447281/.
Ishikawa, A., Kawarazaki, H., Ando, K., Fujita, M., Fujita, T., & Homma, Y. (2011). Renal preservation effect of ubiquinol, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10. Clinical and experimental nephrology, 15(1), 30–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-010-0350-8.

Renal preservation effect of ubiquinol, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10

In this study evaluating the renal preservation effects of ubiquinol, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), heminephrectomized rats were subjected to different dietary conditions for 4 weeks. Salt loading increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) and urinary albumin levels, accompanied by elevated renal superoxide generation. However, rats supplemented with ubiquinol displayed reduced SBP, urinary albumin levels, and renal superoxide production, suggesting a protective role, potentially attributed to its antioxidant properties. These findings propose ubiquinol as a potential therapeutic candidate for kidney disease treatment.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10157-010-0350-8.
Ishikawa, A., & Homma, Y. (2012). Beneficial effect of ubiquinol, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10, on cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology, 38(2), 230–234. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-55382012000200011.

Beneficial effect of ubiquinol, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10, on cyclosporine nephrotoxicity

In this study assessing the impact of ubiquinol, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (rCoQ10), on a cyclosporine (CyA) nephrotoxic rat model, rats were divided into three groups and treated for four weeks. The group receiving both CyA and rCoQ10 exhibited significantly improved systolic blood pressure, urinary albumin secretion, serum creatinine levels, and renal superoxide anion levels compared to the CyA-only group. Furthermore, histological changes and the presence of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in renal tubular cells observed in the CyA group were mitigated in the CyA and rCoQ10 group. These findings suggest that rCoQ10 may hold promise in preventing CyA-induced nephrotoxicity, potentially through its antioxidant properties.

You can read the full article at http://brazjurol.com.br/march_april_2012/Ishikawa_230_234.htm.
Ju, W. K., Shim, M. S., Kim, K. Y., Bu, J. H., Park, T. L., Ahn, S., & Weinreb, R. N. (2018). Ubiquinol promotes retinal ganglion cell survival and blocks the apoptotic pathway in ischemic retinal degeneration. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 503(4), 2639–2645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.016.

Ubiquinol promotes retinal ganglion cell survival and blocks the apoptotic pathway in ischemic retinal degeneration

Ubiquinol, the reduced form of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), was investigated for its potential neuroprotective effects on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) during acute high intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation-induced retinal ischemia in mice. The study revealed that a diet supplemented with 1% ubiquinol significantly promoted RGC survival at 2 weeks post ischemia/reperfusion. Additionally, ubiquinol treatment was associated with the inhibition of astroglial and microglial cell activation in the ischemic retina. Notably, ubiquinol modulated the Bax/Bad/Bcl-xL-mediated apoptotic pathway, as evidenced by decreased active Bax protein expression, preserved phosphorylation of Bad at serine 112, and maintained Bcl-xL protein expression in the ischemic retina. Furthermore, ubiquinol treatment prevented apoptotic cell death by blocking caspase-3 cleavage. These findings suggest that ubiquinol has therapeutic potential for mitigating ischemic retinal degeneration induced by elevated IOP.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6133725/.
Edwards, G., Lee, Y., Kim, M., Bhanvadia, S., Kim, K. Y., & Ju, W. K. (2020). Effect of Ubiquinol on Glaucomatous Neurodegeneration and Oxidative Stress: Studies for Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival and/or Visual Function. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 9(10), 952. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9100952.

Effect of Ubiquinol on Glaucomatous Neurodegeneration and Oxidative Stress: Studies for Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival and/or Visual Function

In the context of glaucomatous neurodegeneration, ubiquinol, the reduced form of Coenzyme Q10, was investigated for its neuroprotective effects on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and visual function. Mouse models of glaucoma and oxidative stress were utilized, and mice were fed a diet supplemented with 1% ubiquinol or a control diet. The study revealed that ubiquinol supplementation significantly promoted RGC survival, inhibited BAX activation, and increased expression of transcription factor A (TFAM) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex II proteins in glaucomatous retinas. Additionally, ubiquinol supplementation demonstrated a protective effect against oxidative stress-induced visual dysfunction. These findings suggest that ubiquinol has therapeutic potential for treating oxidative stress-associated glaucomatous neurodegeneration by enhancing RGC survival and preserving visual function.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7599950/.
Yoneda T, Tomofuji T, Kawabata Y, et al. Application of coenzyme Q10 for accelerating soft tissue wound healing after tooth extraction in rats. Nutrients. 2014;6(12):5756-5769. Published 2014 Dec 10. doi:10.3390/nu6125756.

Application of coenzyme Q10 for accelerating soft tissue wound healing after tooth extraction in rats

Enhancing wound healing following tooth extraction is crucial in dental care, and the application of antioxidants like reduced coenzyme Q10 (rCoQ10) may facilitate this process. In a rat study, male Fischer 344 rats received topical application of ointment containing 5% rCoQ10 (experimental group) or control ointment (control group) for 3 or 8 days after maxillary first molars extraction. At 3 days post-extraction, the experimental group exhibited higher collagen density, fewer polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and decreased gene expression of interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and nuclear factor-κB in the socket’s upper part compared to the control group. However, at 8 days post-extraction, there were no significant differences in collagen density, polymorphonuclear leukocyte count, and bone fill between the groups, suggesting that topical application of rCoQ10 primarily promotes soft tissue wound healing rather than bone remodeling in rats.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4276996/.
Available from https://eastjmed.org/jvi.aspx?pdir=ejm&plng=eng&un=EJM-66934.
Available from https://fjps.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43094-020-00043-z.
Diaz-Castro, J., Mira-Rufino, P. J., Moreno-Fernandez, J., Chirosa, I., Chirosa, J. L., Guisado, R., & Ochoa, J. J. (2020). Ubiquinol supplementation modulates energy metabolism and bone turnover during high intensity exercise. Food & function, 11(9), 7523–7531. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0fo01147a.

Ubiquinol supplementation modulates energy metabolism and bone turnover during high intensity exercise

This study aimed to investigate the impact of short-term ubiquinol supplementation on bone turnover and energy metabolism in response to strenuous exercise. A group of 100 healthy and well-trained firemen were randomly assigned to either a ubiquinol group (200 mg/day) or a control group (placebo) for two weeks. The participants underwent two strenuous exercise tests separated by a 24-hour rest period. Blood samples were collected at various points throughout the study. Strenuous exercise increased levels of ACTH, SOST, PTH, and OC, while decreasing OPN. Additionally, it elevated adrenaline, noradrenaline, and PGC-1α, while reducing insulin. Ubiquinol supplementation resulted in increased levels of PTH, OC, OPG, alkaline phosphatase, leptin, insulin, noradrenaline, and PGC-1α compared to the control group after the exercise protocol. This suggests that ubiquinol modulates the effects of strenuous exercise, particularly enhancing biomarkers of bone formation and energy source mobilization, offering potential physiological advantages for skeletal muscles.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2020/fo/d0fo01147a/unauth.
Clark, Y. Y., Wold, L. E., Szalacha, L. A., & McCarthy, D. O. (2015). Ubiquinol reduces muscle wasting but not fatigue in tumor-bearing mice. Biological research for nursing, 17(3), 321–329. https://doi.org/10.1177/1099800414543822.
Ubiquinol reduces muscle wasting but not fatigue in tumor-bearing mice

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential benefits of ubiquinol, an antioxidant, on muscle mass, cardiac function, and fatigue in mice with colon26 tumors. Female mice were inoculated with tumor cells, and half of both control and tumor-bearing mice received ubiquinol (500 mg/kg/day) in their drinking water. Voluntary running activity (VRA) and grip strength were measured throughout tumor growth, and cardiac function was assessed using echocardiography. Tumor-bearing mice showed a progressive decline in VRA and grip strength, reduced muscle mass, and impaired myocardial diastolic function. Elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines were observed in serum and tissues. While ubiquinol increased muscle mass in both control and tumor-bearing mice, it did not affect biomarkers of inflammation, protein degradation, oxidative stress, or behavioral measures of fatigue.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4363037/.
Fischer, A., Onur, S., Niklowitz, P., Menke, T., Laudes, M., Rimbach, G., & Döring, F. (2016). Coenzyme Q10 Status as a Determinant of Muscular Strength in Two Independent Cohorts. PloS one, 11(12), e0167124. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167124.

Coenzyme Q10 Status as a Determinant of Muscular Strength in Two Independent Cohorts

This study aimed to investigate the determinants of muscular strength, focusing on hand grip force, in relation to Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) status, gender, age, and body mass index (BMI) across two independent cohorts (n = 334, n = 967). The analysis revealed a positive association between CoQ10/cholesterol levels and hand grip in both populations, while the CoQ10 redox state showed a negative correlation with hand grip in the validation group. Additionally, age exhibited a negative correlation with hand grip, and BMI was positively correlated, specifically in the normal weight subgroup. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) identified CoQ10/cholesterol as a determinant of muscular strength, with gender exerting the strongest influence on hand grip. These findings suggest that low CoQ10/cholesterol levels and a reduced percentage of the CoQ10 reduced form may indicate an increased risk of sarcopenia in humans, as evidenced by their negative associations with upper body muscle strength, peak flow, and muscle mass.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5132250/.
Kizaki, K., Terada, T., Arikawa, H., Tajima, T., Imai, H., Takahashi, T., & Era, S. (2015). Effect of reduced coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinol) supplementation on blood pressure and muscle damage during kendo training camp: a double-blind, randomized controlled study. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 55(7-8), 797–804.

Effect of reduced coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinol) supplementation on blood pressure and muscle damage during kendo training camp: a double-blind, randomized controlled study

In this randomized controlled study, the aim was to investigate the impact of reduced coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinol; CoQ10) supplementation on blood pressure (BP) and exercise-induced muscle damage in young kendo athletes during a 4-day kendo training camp. Thirty-two participants were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or daily CoQ10 (600 mg) in a double-blinded manner. Diastolic BP in the CoQ10 group was significantly lower than in the placebo group after the commencement of kendo training. While both groups exhibited increased plasma creatine kinase (CK) and myoglobin (Mb) concentrations during the camp, there were no significant differences in CK and Mb between the CoQ10 and placebo groups. The study suggests that oral supplementation with the reduced form of CoQ10 (ubiquinol) has a notable hypotensive effect in young male kendo athletes during a 4-day training camp, although it may not significantly mitigate exercise-induced muscle damage from kendo activities.

You can read the abstract of the article at https://www.minervamedica.it/en/journals/sports-med-physical-fitness/article.php?cod=R40Y2015N07A0797.
Diaz-Castro J, Moreno-Fernandez J, Chirosa I, Chirosa LJ, Guisado R, Ochoa JJ. Beneficial Effect of Ubiquinol on Hematological and Inflammatory Signaling during Exercise. Nutrients. 2020;12(2):424. Published 2020 Feb 6. doi:10.3390/nu12020424.

Beneficial Effect of Ubiquinol on Hematological and Inflammatory Signaling during Exercise

This study aimed to investigate whether short-term oral ubiquinol supplementation could prevent the accumulation of inflammatory mediators and hematological impairment associated with strenuous exercise. The study involved 100 healthy and well-trained firemen, divided into two groups: the Ubiquinol (experimental) group and the placebo (control) group. The participants underwent two identical strenuous exercise tests with a 24-hour rest period between tests. Blood samples were collected at various time points, and hematological parameters, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and growth factors were measured. Results showed that red blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin, VEGF, NO, EGF, IL-1ra, and IL-10 increased in the ubiquinol group, while IL-1, IL-8, and MCP-1 decreased. Ubiquinol supplementation during high-intensity exercise appeared to modulate inflammatory signaling, elevate some anti-inflammatory cytokines, and potentially exert a protective effect on physiological alterations associated with exercise.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7071169/.
Andreani, C et al. “Combination of Coenzyme Q10 Intake and Moderate Physical Activity Counteracts Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in a SAMP8 Mouse Model.” Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity vol. 2018 8936251. 24 Oct. 2018, doi:10.1155/2018/8936251.

Combination of Coenzyme Q10 Intake and Moderate Physical Activity Counteracts Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in a SAMP8 Mouse Model

In the investigation of age-related skeletal muscle decline using the senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) model, characterized by premature aging and high oxidative stress, the study explored the impact of a combined intervention involving mild physical exercise and ubiquinol supplementation on mitochondrial function and skeletal muscle health. SAMP8 mice in a presarcopenia phase were divided into four groups: untreated controls, mice subjected to physical exercise, those receiving ubiquinol, and a group with a combination of exercise and ubiquinol. The study found that two months of physical exercise alone increased mitochondrial damage, while ubiquinol supplementation, especially in combination with exercise, improved skeletal muscle status, preserved mitochondrial ultrastructure, and limited exercise-induced mitochondrial depolarization. This combined treatment demonstrated benefits by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis, reducing autophagy, and inhibiting caspase 3-dependent apoptosis in an oxidative stress model of presarcopenia.

You can read the full article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6220380/.

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